Multi‐component reaction indoline‐2,3‐dione derivatives, malononitrile, carbon disulfide and dimedone have led to newly synthesized 6′‐amino‐2′‐(4,4‐dimethyl‐2,6‐dioxocyclohexylidene)‐2‐oxospiro[indoline‐3,4′‐[1,3]dithiine]‐5′‐carbonitrile derivatives under acidic and base conditions with high efficiency during a simplified process. In acidic conditions, using MgO nanoparticleas as a catalyst, greater yields in shorter time was observed. The biological effects of synthetic derivatives such as antibacterial and antifungal effects based on inhibition zone diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, minimum fungicidal concentration and antioxidant effects on DPPH free radical, have been the subject of previous studies. The results showed that some derivatives show higher antimicrobial effects compared to commercial drugs.
l,3-Dithiin with two sulfurs in its structure is a six-membered, sulfur-containing heterocyclic compound. New derivatives of 6'-amino-2'-(arylidene)spiro[indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline[1,3]dithiine]-5'-carbonitrile were prepared by the multi-component reaction of active methylene compounds, carbon disulfide, malononitrile and multi-ring compounds containing a carbonyl group in the presence of piperidine as a catalyst at room temperature with high efficiency. The antimicrobial effects including antibacterial and antifungal effects based on inhibition zone diameter (IZD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were studied.
Pyrazolo[3,pyrimidines are one of the most important classes of fused heterocyclic compounds which exhibit a broad range of biological and medicinal properties. They are known as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, some new 6-substituted 4-amino-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were prepared via reaction of 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile with various nitriles in the presence of sodium ethoxide as catalyst. The inhibitory properties of synthesized compounds were studied according to CLSI guidelines against some pathogenic bacteria including four gram-positive strains (Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii) and three gramnegative strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica). The antibacterial effects of all derivatives were compared with those of antibiotics belonging to different classes. The values were reported as inhibition zone diameter (IZD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The effect of substituents on the biological activity of derivatives was discussed as well. The inhibitory effect of compound 6a, was shown to be the most, with MIC values in the range of 32-4096 lg/mL. Since most of the synthesized compounds were effective against Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, they can be considered as inhibitors of these two bacteria.
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