This study evaluated the effects of different levels of dietary vegetable wastage and energy on ostrich chick performance and hematology. Twenty-four ostrich chicks (blue and black African breed) were allocated to eight treatments. The diet in treatments T1 to T4 had 2,500 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy, while treatments T5 to T8 had 2,700 kcal/kg. Each treatment had 0, 10, 20, and 30% of vegetable wastage. Vegetable wastage included parsley (Petroselinum crispum, 51.3 %), cress (Lepidium sativum, 15.0%), spinach (Spinacia oleracea, 15.0%), wild leek (Allium ampeloprasum, 14.0%), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum, 2.5%), and basil (Ocimum basilicum, 2.2 %). The body weight gain and food intake were assessed weekly. Blood was analyzed for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols, LDL/HDL, ratio and alkaline phosphatase. The highest level of weight was seen in the second treatment (2,500 kcal/kg dietary energy and 10% dietary wastage). The hematological parameters were different depending on the treatment used. The lowest level of total cholesterol was observed in eighth treatment (2,700 kcal/kg dietary energy and 30% dietary wastage), while the lowest level of triglycerides was in fourth treatment (2,500 kcal/kg dietary energy and 30 % of wastage). The level of alkaline phosphatise was the lowest in seventh treatment (2,700 kcal/kg dietary energy and 20% wastages). The energy level had no effect (P < 0.05) on feed intake, weight gain, and feed efficiency for each week and for all experimental period. The level of vegetable wastage showed effect (P = 0.033) on feed intake, but the increase of this level showed depressive effect on the feed intake. This is the first report on the performance and blood parameters of commercial ostrich chicks fed diets differing in vegetable wastage. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
The Gram negative bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes lives anaerobically in the bovine rumen and secretes β-glucanase. Barley is a cheap food input for poultry production but it is low in nutrients due to its beta glucan content. Supplementing exogenous β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) to broiler diets can decrease the viscosity of the intestinal content by hydrolyzing the β-glucan and enhancing nutrient digestibility. In the current study, β-glucanase enzymatic activity was assayed after extraction from bovine rumen fluid, and then its effect on broiler performance, carcass characteristics, duodenum microbial flora, hematological and immunological parameters was compared with a commercial enzyme. A total of 120 local broilers (Golpayegani-Ross hybrid) was allocated to 3 treatments with 4 replicates per treatment and 10 birds per replicate/pen. Over a 49-day experimental period, broilers were fed a basal diet (T1), basal diet with 10 IU of extracted β-glucanase and 20% barley (T2) and basal diet with 10 IU of commercial β-glucanase and 20% barley (T3). T2 significantly increased body weight gain and decreased feed intake over the whole experimental period. Treatments had a significant effect on hematological parameters except low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration (P<0.01). Treatments did not affect antibody titration. The highest non-eviscerated carcass weight (P<0.05) and eviscerated carcass weight (P>0.05) were associated with the T2. The same treatment also caused a significant increase in lactobacilli and Escherichia coli in the gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, enzyme addition had a positive effect on broiler performance without any adverse effects on humoral immunity parameters.Gram negatif bakteri Fibrobacter succinogenes, sığır rumeninde anaerobik olarak yaşar ve β-glukanaz salgılar. Arpa, kanatlı hayvan üretimi için ucuz bir besin maddesidir, ancak içerdiği beta glukan nedeniyle besin değeri düşüktür. Broyler diyetlerine eksojen β-glukanazın (EC 3.2.1.4) eklenmesi, β-glukanın hidrolize edilmesi yoluyla intestinal içeriğin viskozitesini azaltarak besinlerin sindirilebilirliğini arttırabilir. Bu çalışmada, sığır rumen sıvısından yapılan ekstraksiyondan elde edilen β-glukanazın enzimatik aktivitesi incelendi ve daha sonra broyler performansı, karkas özellikleri, duodenum mikrobiyal florası, hematolojik ve immünolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkisi ticari bir enzimle karşılaştırıldı. Toplam 120 lokal ırk broyler (Golpayegani-Ross hibrid), uygulama başına 4 tekrar ve her tekrarda 10 hayvan olacak şekilde 3 gruba ayrıldı. Kırkdokuz günlük deney süresince, broylerlere bazal diyet (T1), 10 IU ekstrakte β-glukanaz ve %20 arpa içeren bazal diyet (T2) ve 10 IU ticari β-glukanaz ve %20 arpa içeren bazal diyet (T3) verildi. Tüm deney dönemi boyunca T2 diyeti vücut ağırlığını önemli ölçüde arttırdı ve yem alımını azalttı. Tedaviler, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL) konsantrasyonu (P<0.01) dışındaki hematolojik parametreler üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahipti. Bununla birlikte antikor düzeyi farklı tedavilerden etki...
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