Present study investigates the effect of workplace spirituality on customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior by considering the role of spiritual intelligence. To measure the concepts of workplace spirituality, customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (CO-OCB) and spiritual intelligence, the conceptualizations are applied on 282 employees of an insurance company in Tehran during the fiscal year of 2011 and the results are analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that spiritual intelligence and workplace spirituality have positive impact on customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. However, when spiritual intelligence is considered as a moderating factor, spirituality development in workplace cannot alone influence on customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior since including spiritual intelligence hedges the effect of workplace spirituality on customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior though workplace spirituality can improve customer-oriented organizational citizenship behavior through impacting on spiritual intelligence.
Human resources management plays essential role for the success of organizations. This paper presents an empirical investigation to determine human resource management main criteria and sub-criteria based on a survey on the existing literatures and theoretical principles. The study has been applied in a municipality organization in Iran. The study uses analytical hierarchy process as well as fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) for prioritizing decision tree criteria. The results indicate job design and human resource planning criteria are ranked as the highest ones. In addition, employee recruitment and selection, employee health and hygiene, training and development and compensation system criteria are other important criteria.
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