Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus on tomato plant growth and the management of root knot nematodes in tomato was studied. The research work was conducted in Microbiology & Bio-control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and in Net-house of Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from July, 2016 to October, 2017. In net-house pot culture experiment, four different treatments were used viz., T1: Inoculation of egg masses (10 egg masses/plant) of Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), T2: Application of P. lilacinus, T3: Application of egg masses of Nematodes and P. lilacinus simultaneously, and T4: Control (non-treated). Spore suspension (10×105 Conc.) of P. lilacinus was mixed with the soil before transplantation and Meloidogyne spp. was inoculated on three days after transplantation. Application of P. lilacinus in soil enhanced the plant growth parameters of tomato plants. Inoculation of Meloidogyne spp. reduced plant growth and the reduction was increased with the increase of inoculum density of Meloidogyne spp. Maximum plant growth reduction was recorded when Meloidogyne spp. was inoculated alone. The maximum plant growth was recorded in case of application of P. lilacinus to soil. A high percentage (85%) of egg masses of Meloidogyne spp. was infected by P. lilacinus when applied together
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 9–13, March 2019
Plants recognize certain microbial compounds as elicitors in their active defence mechanisms. It has been shown that a series of defence reactions are induced in potato plant cells after treatment with water-soluble hyphal wall components prepared from Phytophthora infestans. In this study, a methanol extract from mycelia of P. infestans (MEM), which contains lipophilic compounds, was used as another elicitor for the induction of the defence reactions in potato. MEM elicitor induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially O2(-) and H2O2 production, and nitric oxide (NO) generation in potato leaves and suspension-cultured cells. Hypersensitive cell death was detected in potato leaves within 6-8 h after MEM elicitor treatment. The accumulation of phytoalexins was detected by MEM elicitor treatment in potato tubers. In potato suspension-cultured cells, several defence-related genes were induced by MEM elicitors, namely Strboh, Sthsr203J, StPVS3, StPR1, and StNR5, which regulate various defence-related functions. Enhanced resistance against P. infestans was found in MEM-treated potato plants. These results suggested that MEM elicitor is recognized by host and enhances defence activities to produce substances inhibitory to pathogens.
Plants recognize certain microbial compounds as elicitors of their active defense mechanisms. In the present study, NUBS-4190, a synthetic bis-aryl-methanone compound elicited NO and ROS generation in potato suspension cultured cells and intact potato leaves. Hypersensitive cell death was found in these cultured cells and in potato leaves without the accumulation of phytoalexins in the tubers. Defense-related genes such as StrbohB, StrbohC, StNR1, StNR5, Sthsr203J and StPR1 were expressed in potato suspension cultured cells treated with NUBS-4190. Resistance against Phytophthora infestans also increased in NUBS-4190-treated potato leaves.
A survey was carried out following questionnaire to estimate the status of post-harvest losses of potato from potato retailers in different markets of Comilla, Dinajpur, Mymensingh and Rangpur district. Basic information of potato retailers such as age, gender, educational qualification, marketing experience, ownership and their basic knowledge of stored variety, problems associated in stored potato, storage conditions, causes of losses of stored potato, common storage diseases of potato, possible reasons for rotting of potato in storage, primary source of potato, care of stored potato, most favorable and unfavorable period for potato storage were assessed by direct interview. The average incidence of soft rot, dry rot and scab was found 2.54%, 4.44% and 1.85%, respectively in November, 2019. The total losses due to post-harvest diseases in these markets were found 8.83%. Meanwhile, the total loss of potato due to physical abnormalities was recorded 13.78%. The highest physical abnormalities were observed green potato (6.20%) followed by cut potato (4.27%) and pitted potato (2.10%). This study was a preliminary step for the investigation of the idea of the retailers of the selected districts about the status, problems they faced for potato storage in markets. This was the first time survey from potato retailers of different districts in Bangladesh and estimation of potato loss in the market of Bangladesh.
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