Pre-diabetes increased the development of diabetes mellitus (type 2). The aim of study was to determine the association of body weight, education and marital status with pre-diabetes in an Iranian urban population. A sample of 788 subjects (360 men and 428 women) between the ages 30–85 years participated in our study and anthropometric measurements, educational level and fasting blood sugar of participants were recorded. The t and Chi square tests were used for continuous and categorical variables. The association of age, BMI categories, educational level and marital status to pre-diabetes was assessed by estimating the odds ratio. A p-value ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The analysis was done using SPSS version 11.5. Our study showed that pre-diabetic subjects were older and low educated than normoglycemic subjects. Mean BMI and educational level were associated to pre-diabetes only in women. The odds of being pre-diabetes also were higher in obese women than in normal BMI women. No relationship was found between education and marital status with pre-diabetes in both men and women. Based on our finding, it is possible that advancing age and obesity has increased in pre-diabetes. This highlights the importance of population based survey to monitor blood glucose for effective prevention and control.

Problem statement: Ischemic cardiac manifestations have been reported in a various percentage of patients with anti-phospholipid antibodies. Data concerning the relation between anti-Phospholipid (aPL) antibodies and myocardial infarction in subjects without evidence of overt autoimmune disease are conflicting. Anti-beta2 glycoprotein-I (anti-beta2-GPI) antibody is detected in various diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome. The study of anti-beta2-GPI antibody in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) might shed light on etiologic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. The purpose of the present study was to determine association of plasma aPL antibodies, namely, anti-beta2-GPI antibodies, with AMI. This study was designed to investigate whether prevalence of anti-beta2-GPI antibodies, in patients who had acute myocardial infarction and to analyze their relationship with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Approach: We investigated the prevalence of anti-beta2-GPI IgG in a well characterized group of patients with AMI as a case group. Sera from 74 patients with AMI and from 76 healthy subjects, matched for age and sex as a control group. Using ELISA to evaluate the presence of IgG isotype of anti-beta2-GPI autoantibodies in their sera. Results: The prevalence of anti-beta2-GPI IgG in the control group (10.50%) resulted significantly lower than in patients with AMI (37.80%) (p<0.005). There was significant difference between positive anti-β2-GPI test in patients with STEMI and those with NSTEMI (66.7% Vs 36.4%), (p = 0.020). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that anti-beta2-GPI IgG antibodies seemed to behave as independent risk factors for myocardial infarction, which may represent a link between autoimmunity and atherosclerosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Further studies with bigger patients are needed to explore association of anti-β2-GPI IgG with STEMI and NSTEMI.

In this work, the three dimensional Woods-Saxon potential is studied within the context of Supersymmetry Quantum Mechanics. We have applied the SUSY method by using the Pekeris approximation to the centrifugal potential l = 0 states. By application of this method, it is possible to solve the Schrödinger equation for this potential. We obtain exactly bound state spectrum and wave function of Woods-Saxon potential for nonzero angular momentum. Hamiltonian hierarchy method and the shape invariance property are used in the calculations.

In this article, Yukawa interaction is used to study the relativistic spin-1/2 particles and obtain their energy levels. The role of Yukawa potential on the spin and pseudospin symmetry solution is investigated systematically by solving the Dirac equation with attractive scalar S(r) and repulsive vector V(r) potentials. Bound state spectrum and wave functions of Yukawa potential are obtained. It is found that the energy eigenvalues strongly depend on the potential parameters.

We performed this study to evaluate the role of Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) in insulin resistance during normal pregnancy. This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out on 97 healthy pregnant women including 32, 25, and 40 individuals in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, and on 28 healthy non pregnant women between the autumn of 2012 and the spring of 2013. We analyzed the serum concentrations of IL-17 and IL-18 by using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance equation. No significant differences between the demographic data of the pregnant and non pregnant groups were observed. Insulin resistant in pregnant women was significantly higher than the controls (p=0.006). Serum IL-17 concentration was significantly different in non pregnant women and pregnant women in all gestational ages (p<0.05). Serum IL-18 level was significantly lower in subjects with first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy in compared to non pregnant women (p<0.05). No significant correlations were found between serum IL-17 and IL-18 levels with insulin resistance (r=0.08, p=0.34 vs. r=0.01, p=0.91, respectively). Our data suggested that IL-17 and IL-18 do not appear to attribute greatly to pregnancy deduced insulin resistance during normal pregnancy.