Research on the role of acceptance in adjustment to persisting pain has been facilitated by the development of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ). However, the CPAQ has not yet been validated amongst Iranian patients with chronic pain. To examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the CPAQ (P-CPAQ), 245 Persian-speaking chronic pain patients completed a battery of questionnaires, including: the P-CPAQ, a Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, a slightly modified Roland and Morris Disability Questionnaire, the Catastrophizing Scale of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Depression and Anxiety Scales of the Depression Anxiety And Stress Scale-21 and the Pain-Related Interference and Pain Intensity Scales of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory. Furthermore, to evaluate the reliability of the P-CPAQ, the measure was completed by 24 chronic pain patients, on two occasions that are 2 weeks apart. The results of the principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution. Furthermore, the reliability and construct validity of the P-CPAQ were confirmed. In general, consistent with studies in other countries, the results of the present study indicate that pain acceptance plays an important role in adjustment to chronic pain regardless of cultural and language differences between countries.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the revised Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI), with emphasis on Iranian culture. Method: The statistical sample consisted of 341 married students studying in Tehran universities in the academic year 2018-2019, who were selected by available sampling method. The New ROCI, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and Relationship beliefs inventory (RBI) were the tools of the present study. Results: The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of the new ROCI were good. Also, there was a significant and negative correlation between all subscales and the total score of the new ROCI with all subscales and the total score of the DAS, and there was also a significant positive correlation between the subscales and the total score of the new ROCI with the subscales and the total score of OBQ, OCI-R, RBI, and DASS. Also, the two factor model explained 54.50% of the variance in the new ROCI. Furthermore, all of the confirmatory factor analysis indices of the new ROCI were better than the original ROCI. The results of test-retest correlation of the factor one and two of ROCI were 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. Also, the Cronbach's alpha of the factor one and two of ROCI were 0.60 and 0.74, respectively. Conclusion: In general, it can be said that the new ROCI was different from the original ROCI, and the new ROCI had better indicators than the original ROCI.

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This paper examines the psychometric properties of a Persian language version of the Illness Attitude Scale (P‐IAS) in two Iranian student samples. After translation of the Illness Attitude Scale from English into Persian and pilot testing, the P‐IAS was used in two studies. In Study 1, the results of principal component analysis with oblique (Oblimin) rotation showed that five factors best explained the P‐IAS structure among 929 students. These factors were (1) fear of illness and disease; (2) frequency of treatment; (3) hypochondriacal beliefs and symptom effects; (4) health behaviours; and (5) thanatophobia. Cronbach's alpha, mean inter‐item correlations and test–retest coefficients showed that this solution was reliable. In Study 2, with a sample of 50 Iranian students, Pearson correlations were calculated between the five factors of the P‐IAS and somatization dimension of the revised Symptom Checklist 90. The results of the second study provided further support for the construct validity of the three factors of fear of illness and disease, frequency of treatment, and hypochondriacal beliefs and symptom effects. The authors suggest that the P‐IAS is sufficiently valid and reliable for clinical and research purposes in the Iranian population. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Objective: Previous research has shown a relationship between schizotypal personality traits and dissociative tendencies. The Inference-Based Approach (IBA) can explain this relationship to some extent. Purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of inferential confusion in relation to dissociative experiences and schizotypal personality traits. Method: A total of 341 students from Shahed University participated in this cross-sectional study. Sampling was conducted randomly by the cluster sampling method. Data were collected using the Inferential Confusion Questionnaire (ICQ-EV), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II). Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software based on statistical methods including Pearson correlation, Baron and Kenny hierarchical regression and the Sobel test. Results: There were significant positive relationships between dissociative experiences, schizotypal personality traits, and inferential confusion (P < 0.01). Findings showed that inferential confusion mediates the relationship between dissociative experiences and schizotypal personality traits (β = 0.29; P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the present study, considering role of inferential confusion, succeeded in explaining the relationship between dissociative experiences and schizotypal personality traits to some extent