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Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder which is recognizable by dermatological lesions and scars. In addition to some pathogenetic factors such as hyperkeratinization, upregulated sebum secretion, and immunoinflammatory reactions, recent studies have also connected oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. In this article, we will briefly review clinical studies that interrogated alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers by a systematic search conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using “acne”, “oxidative stress”, and “reactive oxygen species” keywords. Overall, studies have shown that oxidative biomarkers (e.g. lipid peroxidation final products) are higher in acne vulgaris lesions. A significant positive correlation has also been noted between acne severity and oxidative biomarkers. In contrast, diminished levels of antioxidant enzymes (e.g. superoxide dismutase and catalase) have been observed in acne. We propose four probable mechanisms for the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in acne pathogenesis. We believe that ROS can contribute significantly to the acne vulgaris pathobiology via toll-like receptor (TLR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), mTOR pathway, and innate immune system, resulting in inflammation by alterations in the generation of several proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-a.[GMJ. 2019;8:e1291]

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Purpose: Vitiligo is an acquired hypopigmentation condition in which well-defined macules can develop virtually everywhere on the patients' skin. This analytic case-control study was conducted in Faghihi Hospital outpatient dermatology clinic, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, southern Iran from June to September 2019. Furthermore, we studied the relationship of hypertension with activity, age of onset, duration, affected body surface area and type of vitiligo. Patients and Methods: In the current case-control study, 166 individuals were enrolled in total (the case group was comprised of 83 vitiligo patients and 83 individuals actedas control group). The case group was made up of vitiligo patients (both segmental and non-segmental) between 20 and 50 years of age, no prior history of systemic disease and other hypopigmentation disorders, while individuals with any form of dermatologic findings were excluded from the control group. Individuals aged younger than 20 years old or older than 50, having a dermatologic disease other than vitiligo, being afflicted with the diseases which may lead to secondary hypertension, pregnancy, taking substances, and medication which can lead to hypertension were chosen as the exclusion criteria in this study. Results: Data obtained from our study revealed that vitiligo patients had a higher prevalence of essential hypertension diagnosis than the control group (P=0.040). Also, no significant relationship was found between patients' age at the first lesion appearance (P=0.856), duration of vitiligo involvement (P=0.497), and percentage of vitiligo involvement (P=0.681) with hypertension. Conclusion: According to our results, vitiligo patients were more susceptible to hypertension while no association could be found between characteristics of the disease and rise in blood pressure.

NO is an important cytotoxic effector in immune defense against fungi that are too large to phagocyte. This study shows the efficacy of an exogenous NO-releasing cream in treating tinea versicolor.

Introduction: Skin rejuvenation techniques have gained substantial popularity due to increased life expectancy over recent years. Platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) is the new generation of platelet aggregate products that have surfaced in recent years to treat skin aging. Objectives: We intend to use PRF to correct periorbital wrinkles in 15 volunteers and evaluate its effectiveness in this study. Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of PRFM intervention, eight men and women over the age of thirty entered our study. Blood samples were taken and were immediately centrifuged at 700rpm for 5 minutes. PRFM was extracted from the plasma and was injected at the sub-dermis site in periorbital areas. The initial severity of periorbital wrinkles was determined by Visioface 1000D, and obtained numbers were delivered to the statistical unit for statistical analysis. Scoring and evaluation were based on tissue volume and depth and were measured before and twelve weeks after injection. Adverse effects were also taken into consideration. Results: The results demonstrated noticeable improvement in deep, fine, and small wrinkles, periocular hyperpigmentation, and overall skin freshness of the injection site. The subjects had swelling in the injection site for up to one day after the injection, which resolved without complications. Conclusions: PRFM was observed to have potential in skin rejuvenation, demonstrating promising outcomes in terms of safety and long-term effects in improving skin condition.

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