Decreased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels in vitiligo patients: Further evidence of oxidative stress

Farahi-Jahromy, Amir; Fallahzadeh, Mohammad Kazem; Ashkani-Esfahani, Soheil; Hamidizadeh, Nasrin; Ghavipisheh, Mahsa; Namazi, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.4103/2277-9175.124686

“…Finally, there is an increased activity of MAO-A, which leads to the accumulation of toxic levels of H 2 O 2 [ 71 ], and a largely impaired mitochondrial function [ 72 ]. Low levels of antioxidants, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and vitamins C and E have been reported in the epidermis and serum of vitiligo patients [ 73 – 75 ]. Recently, Jian and colleagues have shown that the anti-oxidant response element nuclear factor E2 protects melanocytes from H 2 O 2 damage through the induction of antioxidant genes, such as heme oxygenase-1, and that this pathway is functionally deficient in vitiligo melanocytes, rendering them more susceptible to oxidative stress [ 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Ros In Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity

Dalmazi

¹

,

Hirshberg

²

,

Lyle

³

et al. 2016

Autoimmun Highlights

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been extensively studied in the induction of inflammation and tissue damage, especially as it relates to aging. In more recent years, ROS have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, ROS accumulation leads to apoptosis and autoantigen structural changes that result in novel specificities. ROS have been implicated not only in the initiation of the autoimmune response but also in its amplification and spreading to novel epitopes, through the unmasking of cryptic determinants. This review will examine the contribution of ROS to the pathogenesis of four organ specific autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and vitiligo), and compare it to that of a better characterized systemic autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis). It will also discuss tobacco smoking as an environmental factor endowed with both pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant properties, thus capable of differentially modulating the autoimmune response.

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“…(28) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels have been repeatedly reported to be decreased in vitiligo. (29) Remarkably, the other proteins have not been identified as significant differentially expressed proteins in any subsequent publications where proteomics techniques were employed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics data in vitiligo: a scoping review

Berrevoet,

Van Nieuwerburgh,

Deforce

et al. 2024

Preprint

0

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An unbiased screening of which proteins are deregulated in vitiligo using proteomics can offer an enormous value. It could not only reveal robust biomarkers for detecting disease activity but can also identify which patients are most likely to respond to treatments. We performed a scoping review searching for all articles using proteomics in vitiligo. Eight manuscripts could be identified. Unfortunately, very limited overlap was found in the differentially expressed proteins between studies (15 out of 272; 5,51%) with variable degrees of the type of proteins and a substantial variety in the prevalence of acute phase proteins (range: 6-65%). Proteomics research has therefore brought little corroborating evidence on which proteins are differentially regulated between vitiligo patients and healthy controls or between active and stable vitiligo patients. While a limited patient size is an obvious weakness for several studies, an incomplete description of patient characteristics is an unfortunate and avoidable shortcoming. Additionally, the variations in the used methodology and analyses may further contribute to the overall observed variability. Nonetheless, more recent studies investigating the response to treatment seem to be more robust, as more differentially expressed proteins that have previously been confirmed to be involved in vitiligo were found. The further inclusion of proteomics analyses in clinical trials is recommended to increase insights into the pathogenic mechanisms in vitiligo and identify reliable biomarkers or promising drug targets. A harmonization in the study design, reporting and proteomics methodology could vastly improve the value of vitiligo proteomics research.

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“…This in turn induces CXCL9 and CXCL10 expression by keratinocytes ( 29 ). Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels have been repeatedly reported to be decreased in vitiligo ( 30 ). Remarkably, the other proteins have not been identified as significant differentially expressed proteins in any subsequent publications where proteomics techniques were employed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics data in vitiligo: a scoping review

Berrevoet,

Van Nieuwerburgh,

Deforce

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An unbiased screening of which proteins are deregulated in vitiligo using proteomics can offer an enormous value. It could not only reveal robust biomarkers for detecting disease activity but can also identify which patients are most likely to respond to treatments. We performed a scoping review searching for all articles using proteomics in vitiligo. Eight manuscripts could be identified. Unfortunately, very limited overlap was found in the differentially expressed proteins between studies (15 out of 272; 5,51%) with variable degrees of the type of proteins and a substantial variety in the prevalence of acute phase proteins (range: 6-65%). Proteomics research has therefore brought little corroborating evidence on which proteins are differentially regulated between vitiligo patients and healthy controls or between active and stable vitiligo patients. While a limited patient size is an obvious weakness for several studies, an incomplete description of patient characteristics is an unfortunate and avoidable shortcoming. Additionally, the variations in the used methodology and analyses may further contribute to the overall observed variability. Nonetheless, more recent studies investigating the response to treatment seem to be more robust, as more differentially expressed proteins that have previously been confirmed to be involved in vitiligo were found. The further inclusion of proteomics analyses in clinical trials is recommended to increase insights into the pathogenic mechanisms in vitiligo and identify reliable biomarkers or promising drug targets. A harmonization in the study design, reporting and proteomics methodology could vastly improve the value of vitiligo proteomics research.

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Decreased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels in vitiligo patients: Further evidence of oxidative stress

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity

Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity

Proteomics data in vitiligo: a scoping review

Proteomics data in vitiligo: a scoping review

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