In this paper a state-space average model for boost switching regulators is presented. The presented model includes the most of the regulator’s parameters and uncertainties. This model can be used to design a precise and robust controller that can satisfy stability and performance conditions. In modeling, the load current is assumed to be unknown, and it is assumed that the inductor, capacitor, diode and regulator active switch are non ideal and they have a resistance in conducting condition. Other non ideal effects are also considered. After presenting the complete model, the boost converter Benchmark circuit is simulated in PSpice and its results are compared with our model simulation results in MATLAB.
In this paper a complete state-space average model for the buck switching regulators is presented. The presented model includes the most of the regulator's parameters and uncertainties. In modeling, the load current is assumed to be unknown, and it is assumed that the inductor, capacitor, diode and regulator active switch are non ideal and they have a resistance in conduction condition. Some other non ideal effects look like voltage drop of conduction mode of the diode and active switch are also considered. This model can be used to design a precise and robust controller that can satisfy stability and performance conditions of the buck regulator. Also the effects of the boost parameters on the performance of the regulator can be shown easily with this model. After presenting the complete model, the buck converter Benchmark circuit is simulated in PSpice and its results are compared with our model simulation results in MATLAB. The results show the merit of our model.
The dynamics of fractional-order systems have attracted increasing attention in recent years. In this paper a novel fractional-order hyperchaotic system with a quadratic exponential nonlinear term is proposed and the synchronization of a new fractional-order hyperchaotic system is discussed. The proposed system is also shown to exhibit hyperchaos for orders 0.95. Based on the stability theory of fractional-order systems, the generalized backstepping method (GBM) is implemented to give the approximate solution for the fractional-order error system of the two new fractional-order hyperchaotic systems. This method is called GBM because of its similarity to backstepping method and more applications in systems than it. Generalized backstepping method approach consists of parameters which accept positive values. The system responses differently for each value. It is necessary to select proper parameters to obtain a good response because the improper selection of parameters leads to inappropriate responses or even may lead to instability of the system. Genetic algorithm (GA), cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA), particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) are used to compute the optimal parameters for the generalized backstepping controller. These algorithms can select appropriate and optimal values for the parameters. These minimize the cost function, so the optimal values for the parameters will be found. The selected cost function is defined to minimize the least square errors. The cost function enforces the system errors to decay to zero rapidly. Numerical simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In this paper, a controller has been presented by the root locus method based on the state space average model of the boost switching regulator with all of the converter’s parameters and uncertainties. In this model, the load current is unknown and the inductor, capacitor, diode and active switch are non ideal and have an on-state resistance. Furthermore, an on-state voltage drop has been considered for diode and active switch. By neglecting the load current and assuming the ideal elements the simplified model of the regulator has been caddied out. By these complete and simplified models, a step by step method has been proposed to design a single input single output (SISO), second order controller based on roots locus method. In this regard the controller's electronic circuit has been introduced by operational amplifiers. At the end, by simulation of the complete closed-loop system in MATLAB Simulink environment and comparing its results by the results of the regulator and controller circuits in PLECS, the accuracy of the designed controller performance has been shown.
In this paper, the application of operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), in addition to comparing with the interior structures of the most important available integrated circuits, have been analyzed. In this regard, a model in Spice has been presented to facilitate the trend of education for the undergraduate based on OTA theoretical analysis. The present paper aims to offer a model for the OTA in Spice from which the theoretical features of the said amplifiers can be incorporated. This causes the application of the OTA integrated circuits, under the impression and contribution of computerized simulation, and the accuracy of the theoretical analyses to be instructed and to be studied respectively. At the end, to show the merit and competence of the proposed model, three practical circuits, whose results are compared to the theoretical values and simulation accuracy, are represented. The proposed model covers the high speed of simulation and appropriate numerical convergence.
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