BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders with chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habit without any organic reason. Sleep disorders may be associated to IBS. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess sleep disturbances and depression-anxiety-stress in IBS patients. METHODS In this analytical cross sectional study from November 2013 to May 2014, A total of 123 IBS patients were recruited by simple random sampling. IBS was diagnosed using ROME-III criteria. Demographic and basic data were driven from all patients then Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire was utilized to estimate sleep quality and DASS (depression anxiety stress scale) questionnaire was filled out for depression, anxiety and stress. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 29±9, where 48 cases (39%) were male. Twelve cases (10%) had a background disease. Types of IBS in patients were included 38% diarrhea, 42% constipation and 20% mixed. From all IBS patients 87 (71%) cases had depression, 97 (79%) patients stress, 94 (76%) patients had anxiety. Seventy-six (62%) cases of IBS patients had poor sleep quality. Simultaneously employing predictors demonstrate that gender, background disease, and type of IBS did not statistically significant. On the other hand, depression (P=0.034, OR=2.35), anxiety (P=0.011, OR=3.022), and stress (P=0.029, OR=2.77) were significantly effect on sleep quality in poor sleepers. CONCLUSION Many of IBS patients is suffering from poor sleep quality. It seems that sleep disorder should be considered and treated in this patients.
Background: Food poisoning is a common infectious disease and Shigella is at the top of causative pathogens. All species of Shigella cause an acute bacterial disease involving the large and distal small intestine that presents with diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Objectives: To interpret clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients in the food poisoning outbreak by Shigella boydii in Kerman-Iran. Methods: On October 2015, 241 residents of the Anduhjerd town of Kerman, Iran, came to clinics and hospitals with a complaint of food poising. Meanwhile, 118 people referred to Afzalipoor hospital-a referral center. Among them, 21 patients were admitted due to fever, dysentery, old age, or bad general condition. We assessed and reported clinical and paraclinical characteristics of all these 21 hospitalized patients. Results: The mean age of patients was 38.1 years old while 71.4% of them were women. In the history of all patients, the use of cooked wheat groats, as a votive food from the neighborhood inhabited, was detected, which was a long time period between cooking and consumption while food was not kept in the refrigerator. The time period between food consumption and onset of symptoms varied from eight to 13 hours and the most common symptoms were diarrhea (90.4%), vomiting (85.7%), and abdominal pain (80.9%). Five patients (19%) had bloody diarrhea, although 71.4% of stool exams were positive for WBC and RBC, and 23.8% of stool cultures were positive with Shigella boydii. In the course of hospitalization, 5 other patients (19%) developed dysentery and eight of them (38%) developed labial herpes. All patients received rehydration and antibiotic therapy, and were discharged with no complication. Conclusions: This is the first outbreak of Shigella boydii in Iran that occured in a votive food distribution. Votive food is a very common convention in Iran; therefore, there must be more notices about cooking and keeping food until the consumption to prevent such events.
Background and Objectives: The elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis are at higher risk for falling and its critical outcomes compared with their healthy counterparts. Falls can lead to the individual becoming fearful of experiencing subsequent falls. Yet little is known about the fear of falling in this high risk population. The present study aimed to assess the fear of falling and its contributing factors in the elderly patients with the history of falls undergoing hemodialysis, who referred to the hospitals in Tehran city in 2021 Methods: In this descriptive analytic cross sectional study, which was performed on 197 patients undergoing hemodialysis referring to Tehran city hospitals in 2021. Patients were selected with convenience sampling. The instruments for data collection was demographic characteristics scale, Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) . Data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential tests and was shown via SPSS v.21 software. Results: Mean age of participants was 70.02±8.12 years and (63.5%) were men. Mean Falls Efficacy Scale-International Score was 35.29±13.54 points, which is consistent with a high fear of falling. There was consistency between adherence to fear of falling and demographic information (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the frequency of fear of falling in the elderly patients with the history of falls undergoing hemodialysis was significantly high. In older hemodialysis patients, fear of falling is a likely contributor to the occurrence of falls. Future researches should explore reducing the fear of falling as a preventive factor for falls in elderly hemodialysis patients.
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