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An essential problem in mobile ad hoc networks is finding an efficient and secure route from a source to an intended destination. In this paper, we have proposed a new model of routing protocol named ARANz, which is an extension of the original Authenticated Routing for Ad Hoc Networks (ARAN). ARANz adopts the authentication methods used with ARAN and aims to increase security, achieve robustness and solve the single point of failure and attack problems by introducing multiple local certificate authority servers. Additionally, via dealing with the network as zones and using restricted directional flooding, our new model exhibits better scalability and performance. Through simulation, we evaluated ARANz and compared it with the original ARAN as well as Ad Hoc On‐demand Distance Vector. Simulation results show that ARANz is able to effectively discover secure routes within relatively large networks with large number of mobile nodes, while maintaining the minimum packet routing load. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are becoming increasingly popular as more and more mobile devices find their way to the public. A crucial problem in Ad-Hoc networks is finding an efficient route between a source and a destination. Due to MANET's inherent characteristics, secure routing may be one of the most difficult areas to tackle because opponents can add themselves to a MANET using the existing common routing protocols. Hence, this paper proposed a new model of routing protocol called ARANz, which is an extension of the original Authenticated Routing for Ad-Hoc Networks (ARAN). Apart from the authentication methods adopted from ARAN, ARANz aims to increase security, achieve robustness and solve the single point of failure and attack problems by introducing multiple Local Certificate Authority servers. Moreover, by dealing with the network as zones and using restricted directional flooding, our new model will exhibit better scalability and performance. An overview and a qualitative comparison between ARANz and some existing Ad-Hoc routing protocols is presented in this paper.

Recently, multicast routing protocols become increasingly important aspect in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), as they effectively manage group communications. Meanwhile, multimedia and real-time applications are becoming essential need for users of MANET. Thus it is necessary to design efficient and effective Quality of Service (QoS) multicast routing strategies. In this paper, we address the scalability problem of multicast routing protocols to support QoS over MANETs. In particular, we introduce a Position-Based QoS Multicast Routing Protocol (PBQMRP). Basically, the protocol based on dividing the network area into virtual hexagonal cells. Then, the location information is exploited to perform efficient and scalable route discovery. In comparison with other existing QoS multicast routing protocols, PBQMRP incurs less control packets by eliminating network flooding behavior. Through simulation, the efficiency and scalability of PBQMRP are evaluated and compared with the well-known On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP). Simulation results justify that our protocol has better performance, less control overhead and higher scalability.

Ad-Hoc networks are self-organized wireless networks. Finding a secure and efficient route leading from a specific source node to an intended destination node is one of the serious concerns in mobile Ad-Hoc networks. ARANz is one of the significant protocols that has been proposed for such networks. ARANz implements the authentication methods used with the original Authenticated Routing for Ad-Hoc Networks (ARAN) and enhance security and attain robustness by dividing the network into zones and introducing several local certificate authority servers. Using restricted directional flooding, ARANz reveals improved scalability and performance. The purpose of this paper is to discuss in details the misbehavior detection system used with ARANz protocol, along with presenting a detailed simulated security and performance evaluation of ARANz and other existing protocols. Through extensive simulation using GloMoSim simulator, a detailed security evaluation has been conducted to evaluate ARANz and compare it with the original ARAN and Ad-Hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV). Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of ARANz in discovering secure routes within quite large networks including large number of moving nodes, while retaining the minimum packet routing load. Results also prove that ARANz has superior performance regardless malicious nodes percentage conducting different types of attacks such as modification, black hole, grey hole and fabrication. Hence, ARANz can be a good choice for Ad-Hoc networks established among students on a campus or peers at a conference, where predeployment of some keys and certificates is possible.