This study revealed that routinely used laboratory findings such as hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelet counts and even red cell distribution width values can provide a diagnostic clue in a patient with acute febrile illness in endemic areas, thus increasing the probability of malaria and enhancing prompt initiation of treatment.

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Objective: Image guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNaC) is a safe, simple, rapid, cost effective and accurate modality in evaluation of deep seated lumps (abdominal, pelvic and intrathoracic masses) which are unapproachable by blind FNaC. In this study, a critical analysis of the utility of image guided FNaC in deep seated and otherwise inacessible mass lesions was carried out. Material and Method:Fifty-four ultrasound (USG) or computed tomography (CT) guided FNaCs from lumps at any location in the body, that is, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic etc over a period of 3 years (January 2012-December 2014) were included in the study. The most common site aspirated, the indications for a guided aspiration and the accuracy of aspiration cytology in comparison to the histological diagnosis were evaluated, wherever possible.Results: Fifty-four image guided FNaCs were performed (46 USG guided and 8 CT guided). Inconclusive, inflammatory, benign tumors, suspicious and malignant lesion rates were 5.6%, 29.6%, 11.1%, 5.6%, and 48.1%, respectively. The most common site was the liver (25.5%), followed by the thyroid (18.5%), lung (14.8%), gallbladder (11.1%), and lymph nodes (7.4%). Cytohistological correlation could be performed in 32 cases with a diagnostic accuracy of 100%. Conclusion:FNaC coupled with a diagnostic imaging technique such as USG or CT can improve the diagnostic yield and a definite diagnosis can be reached in most of the cases.

Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by the tapeworm of Echinococcus spp. The disease is widely endemic in many sheep and cattle rearing locales. However, hydatidosis does not remain restricted to endemic geographical locales anymore but rather is a global health concern. It is a major public health burden causing significant morbidity and mortality. Echinococcus granulosus involvement in children has a different pattern than adults. Children of all age groups are susceptible and localization of the disease in the lungs is more commonly seen. Multiple liver cysts in the paediatric age group is relatively uncommon. We report an interesting case of multiple liver cysts in a 5-year old boy which was diagnosed as hydatid cysts on histopathological examination.

Pilomatricomaisa benign skin adnexal tumor that is derived from hair matrix. Pilomatricomas usually present in children and adolescents but can occur at any age. Pilomatricomas are generally asymptomatic and found mainly in the head and neck area. Upper extremities not a common site for this lesion. It israrely identified on the chest, trunk, or lower extremities. They areeasily diagnosed on histology due to their typical histological features but diagnosis in cytology is generally difficult as the features may mimic other skin lesions and leads to misdiagnosis. Here we describe a case of pilomatricoma of left arm in a 25 year old male, which was diagnosed on cytology. The cytological smears were cellular and consist of aggregates of anucleate squames, basaloid cells and shadow cells. Subsequent histopathologyof the excised lesion confirmed the diagnosis of Pilomatricoma. Through thisreport we highlight the cytomorphological features that helps us in arriving the correct diagnosis of Pilomatricomaon Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears.

The cytologic touch imprint alone can be diagnostic of pituitary adenomas and meningiomas, etc. A 45-year-old man was operated upon for intracranial meningioma. Imprint cytology revealed distinct cytologic features which helped arriving at the specific diagnosis of pituitary adenoma intraoperatively. Subsequent histopathology and immuno-histochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Thus intraoperative touch preparations are of immense help in arriving at a diagnosis as well as in excluding other possible differential diagnoses and therefore can replace frozen section for intraoperative consultations of sellar and parasellar tumors.