Very often, a train passenger must meet a deadline at the destination, for example, to catch a plane or to arrive at an important meeting on time. Train delays and broken connections let the passenger arrive later than scheduled. Events of this kind are usually not foreseeable before the journey commences. To be on the safe side, a connection should be prebooked such that, in case the connection breaks anywhere, alternative continuations guarantee arrival prior to the deadline with acceptably high probability. For busy people, the challenge is to commence the journey as late as possible, provided the risk of failing to meet the deadline is negligible. This scenario translates into the problem to find the latest connection plus alternative continuations such that the probability of meeting the deadline is not lower than a given required probability of success (close to 100%). We present a dynamic-programming approach to this optimization problem and report on an empirical study based on comprehensive real-world data from Deutsche Bahn AG, the German national railways company. Our algorithm efficiently computes optimal results.
CT or MR image data is typically anisotropic. But, it is desirable to base image processing as well as diagnosis on isotropic image data. In this work, we propose a novel method for correcting anisotropy of 3D image data sets by employing the recurrence of small 2D patches across different scales. We base our method on previous work dealing with super-resolution of single natural 2D images, show the applicability of that approach also to medical images, and extend it to a 3D solution for anisotropy correction. Our results show that the image quality can be significantly improved. For clinical CT and MRI data, we present feedback from the clinical end user
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