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As the clinical presentation varies, the diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion on the part of both the clinician and the pathologist. This entity is not rare in children in our center, which may be due to the traditional method of defecation (in squatting position). Furthermore, we conclude that sucralfate enema is a suitable initial medical treatment for children with SRUS, and that injection of corticosteroid is a new treatment modality that requires further research to establish its efficacy.

The findings in the present study showed that half of upper GI bleedings in pediatric patients from south of Iran, were due to gastric and duodenal erosions and ulcers. This study concludes that the causes of upper GI bleeding in children in our center of a developing country, are not different from those in developed ones.

TC sign is more accurate than hepatobiliary scan and has acceptable sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of BA.

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