This study presents an analytical method that can be used to enhance the power production rate and the energy-saving at wastewater treatment plants. The digester used at wastewater treatment plants produce digester gas by anaerobic digestion, with which biofuel production can be achieved. Biofuels can be used to meet some of the energy requirements of the wastewater treatment facility through Combined Heat and Power (CHP) gas engines (co-generation). Using Micro Gas Turbine (MGT), a CHP technology can be introduced in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). The combination of MGTs and absorption chillers is a promising technology as it produces electricity, heating, and cooling simultaneously. The study demonstrated how the waste heat of MGTs could be used to drive absorption chillers. In this analytical study, a detailed technical and economic analysis is provided on the tri-generation system, i.e., the integration of MGTs and absorption chillers driven by waste digester gas of the wastewater treatment plants. It can meet the heating and cooling demands of the plants, which promote the reduction of utility costs. The technology presented is also useful for other thermal energy users.
This research analyzes the energy consumption and saving performance in the industries in the U.S.A. All energy assessments implemented were for facilities whose annual energy consumptions less than 9,000,000 kWh (Small and Medium-sized industries) that belong to the manufacturing industries with Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes ranging from 2000 to 3999 in addition to SIC codes starting with 49. In this research, assessments are classified based on the SIC codes with recommendations analysis for each classification to get a better idea of what recommendations were suggested in each major industrial sector, knowing that sixty-eight assessments were made, and their SIC ranged from 14 to 49. Additionally, this research could be considered as a guide for energy engineers and other personnel involved in the energy assessment process. The information investigated can give a better prediction for composing better energy demanding industries and minimizing energy consumption. More than 61 energy assessments were conducted for manufacturing facilities and analyzing the data gathered and processed. Through the research, the Fabricated Metal industry achieved the highest average kWh savings and cost savings within the industries studied in this research. While according to the average gigajoule (GJ) savings, the fabricated metal industry ranked second within the studied industries. On the other hand, Food and Kindred Products achieved the highest GJ energy savings within the studied industries. Lighting, motors, compressors, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) were the most contributing industries in a total of 547 recommendations
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant energy consumer, yet there are several opportunities for implementing on-site power generation systems. Within the treatment process, the high flow rate of effluent is produced and discharged to a nearby water body by gravity. Thus, hydroturbines can be utilized to generate power in such an application due to a difference in elevation and high flow rate. This paper presents a case study of introducing a hydroturbine in a WWTP in Wisconsin and evaluating the power output in addition to determining the energy savings. The WWTP considered in this study has an effluent flow rate of 190 MGD (million gallons per day) and elevation difference of 3 m (10 ft) between the final stage of treatment and the discharge point. Based on the parameters above; hubless rim-drive Kaplan type hydroturbine (RDT) is the optimal choice to be used in such an application. The RDT is designed and optimized by using in-house code. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is applied to evaluate the performance of the proposed model, and the system is simulated through homer software to validate the results generated by the CFD. The expected savings is estimated to be 1564 MWh/yr.
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