Air compressors, a key fluid power technology, play an important role not only in industrial plants but also in office buildings, hospitals, and other types of facilities. The efficient use of the air compressor is crucial to control unnecessary inefficiencies that cause high energy consumption. This study aims to provide energy and exergy analysis on air compressors for different industries. Detailed case studies are also analyzed. The case study focuses on the energy and exergy analysis of the compressed air system of foundry industries. The results indicate that applying the six improvement recommendations yield significant amounts of energy and cost savings as well as significant improvements in the overall performance of the system. The payback periods for different recommendations are economically feasible and worthwhile to use. The suggested improvement methods can provide high costs with a low payback period.
The primary objective of this study is to achieve net-zero-energy (NZE) wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by utilizing energy efficiency opportunities (EEO's), combined heat and power (CHP) systems, and other renewable energy sources, e.g., solar, water, and wind powers. This study discusses an innovative energy solution for WWTPs in the United States, and one of the WWTPs with a flow capacity of 1.5 million gallons per day (MGD) was selected as a case study. An optimization tool, Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software, is used in this study to find the best energy system configuration to run the system. An energy audit for one WWTP in early 2020 and the report is used to do this study. The proposed EEO's were able to reduce WWTP energy consumption by about 11%. The excess anaerobic digester gas was utilized in a CHP system to cover about 42% of the facility's consumption. Also, 3% of the utility energy consumption can be claimed by microturbines in the aeration tanks. Another two renewable energy systems, solar photovoltaic (PV) with 29% and water turbines with 15%, contribute to covering 100% of the WWTP energy consumption and achieving an NZE WWTP.
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