Background: Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization (PIVC) related complication is a common and significant problem in clinical practices. The aim of the study was to see the pattern of complication developed by PIVC and to find out the associated risk factors. Materials & methods: A prospective study was conducted amongst 300 patients and 420 PIVCs were observed. Results: 76 (18.09%) patients developed phlebitis and among the phlebitis patients 55.26% were grade 2 and 22.37% grade 3. Hypertonic fluid infusion and some antibiotics were found as risk factors for phlebitis. Amongst the antibiotics flucloxacilin (60%), amikacin (50%), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid were most common antibiotics responsible for development of phlebitis. Conclusions: Catheterization site and use of antibiotics and potassium chloride with associated co-morbidities are predisposing factors for phlebitis. Better insertion technique may be sought to lower the incidence of PIVC related complications. J MEDICINE JUL 2019; 20 (1) : 29-33
Background: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in both developed as well as developing countries The risk factors in lacunar stroke differ in comparison to nonlacunar strokes. In this study risk factors of lacunar stroke in comparison to non-lacunar were evaluated. Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the risk factors among lacunar stroke and non-lacunar stroke. Methodology: This comparative study conducted in the department of Medicine and Neurology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from September 2010 to August 2011. MRI of brain was done in 151 patients above 18 years of age with ischemic stroke and Lacunar stroke was found in 31 patients and non-lacunar stroke was detected in 120 patients. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria from them 30 patients with lacunar stroke were selected as Group-A patients and equal number of non-lacunar stroke same ages as group B were compared of. The risk factors of stroke were defined as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, history of transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation and carotid artery stenosis. Results: Out of 151 patients with ischemic stroke non-lacunar stroke was predominant, which was 79.47% and lacunar stroke was 20.52%. The mean age was found 60.9±10.2 years in Group A and 56.2±11.8 years in Group B, which was almost similar between two groups (p>0.05). Male were predominant, which was 63.33% and 76.67% in lacunar and non-lacunar stroke respectively. Male and female ratio was 2.3:1. Regarding the risk factors hypertension was observed most common risk factor among the patients having lacunar and non-lacunar strokes. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were common in lacunar stroke and myocardial infarction, carotid artery stenosis and hypercholesterolemia were common in non-lacunar stroke which were statistically significant (p<0.05) between the both groups. However, the percentage of smoking, previous TIA and atrial fibrillation were not significantly (p>0.05) different between lacunar and non-lacunar stroke. Conclusion: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were common in lacunar stroke, and myocardial infarction, whereas carotid artery stenosis and hypercholesterolemia were common in non-lacunar stroke and the both groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) . So modification of risk factors may reduce the incidence of ischemic stroke. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v28i2.17176 Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2012; Vol. 28 (2): 88-95
Objectives: This aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of NS1 antigen assay for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in medicine unit of Square hospital from May to August 2013. Total 100 patients with dengue fever were included. Complete blood count, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Dengue NS1 antigen and IgM and IgG antibodies of dengue virus were done in all cases. Results: Of the 100 sera tested, 75% were positive for dengue virus infection based on dengue NS1 antigen, IgM antibody and IgG antibody. Dengue NS1 antigen and IgM, IgG antibody were able to detect dengue virus infection between day 1 to day 8 in 92% of samples, 86.7% of samples and 82.6% of samples respectively. Sixty nine percent (69%) were found positive for dengue NS1 antigen, 65% were IgM positive and 62% were IgG positive. Based on the dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody combination, 74% were positive for dengue virus infections. Sensitivity of Dengue NS1 antigen was 92.3% and specificity of 74.28% in comparison to IgM antibody. Based on the antigen and IgG antibody combination, detection rate increased to 75%. Sensitivity of dengue NS1 antigen was 90.3% and specificity of 65.8% in comparison to IgG antibody. Conclusion: Dengue NS1 antigen is a useful, sensitive and specific test for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection and it improves diagnostic efficiency in combination with antibody test.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v15i1.19856 J Medicine 2014; 15: 28-30
Introduction: Modern management of bronchial asthma requires prolonged medications to prevent symptoms and airflow limitations. An important issue in proper management of bronchial asthma is adherence to treatment. Objective: To see the non-adherence rate to inhalational medication in bronchial asthma patient as well as to see the factors responsible for non-adherence. Materials and Method: It was a cross sectional study conducted from 1st September 2017 to 31st March 2018 in Medicine unit of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Hospital (SSMCH). Result: Among the 136 respondents 70% were male and 30% were female. Non adherent rate was 93.7% for male and 100% for female. High cost of medicine, poor counseling, lack of family support, lack of immediate efficacy, forgetfulness, knowledge on how to use device are the main factors for non-adherence. Conclusion: The rate of non-adherence is very high amongst the participants. Therefore promoting optimal medication adherences through education, proper counseling is essential to optimize the benefits of treatment J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 41-45
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