Objectives This study aimed to analyze the relationship personality traits (neuroticism and extraversion) and self-efficacy with aging depression in retiree male teachers in Harsin City, Iran. Methods & Materials The present study followed a cross-sectional descriptive correlation method. In this research, a total of 173 retiree male teachers in Harsin were selected by random sampling method. Research tools included geriatric depression scale, NEO five-factor inventory and generalized self-efficacy scale. Results The obtained information was separately analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and regression. This research showed significant negative associations between aging depression with extraversion (r=-0.65, P<0.001), and self-efficacy (r=-0.66, P<0.001). There were also significant positive correlation between neuroticism (r=0.54, P<0.001) and aging depression. Conclusion Neuroticism can affect aging depression of retiree male teachers. And more extraversion and self-efficacy can result in decrease in depression of retiree male teachers. A B S T R A C T Key words:Elderly depression, Neuroticism, Extroversion, Self-efficacy Objectiveslderly depression ranks the second among the various causes of disability in this era [1]. One of the psychological factors that play a significant role in elderly depression is personality traits [2,3]. Neuroticism and extroversion are two critical personality traits that affect depression [4]. In a meta-analysis, Maloof et al. [5] demonstrated that mood disorders are associated with a particular pattern of personality traits. On the oth-E er hand, self-efficacy is described as a critical factor in depression among various psychosocial factors [6,7]. Self-efficacy is the self-assessment of individual's ability to perform a task and is a behavioral understanding that increases the possible commitment to a task and healthpromotion behaviors [8]. The present study evaluated the role of neuroticism, extraversion, and self-efficacy in predicting elderly depression. Methods & MaterialsThis is a descriptive-correlation study (approved by the Education Headquarter of Harsin City of Kermanshah Province, No. 640/1993). The study population consisted of retired teachers (males) in Harsin City in 2016. Total 173 individuals (aged 52-68 years) were selected as a sample using simple random sampling method. 200 questionnaires were distributed in the present study of which 173 were selected for analysis. The research tool consisted of three questionnaires: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) had 15 questions and was developed by Yesavage et al. in 1982 [9]. This tool was translated into Persian in Iran and standardized for the Iranian population. Its reliability coefficient was 0.9, and its validity was appropriate as estimated by factor analysis method [9]. The reliability coefficient of this questionnaire in the present study was 0.82 as determined by using Cronbach's alpha test. Neo Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI)In this study, the short form of the ...
Introducción: Este estudio analiza el papel de la resistencia y el optimismo en los eventos negativos de la vida y la autoeficacia de afrontamiento en 228 estudiantes universitarios de primer año de la Universidad de Lorestan (Irán). El objetivo del estudio era doble: (1) analizar las asociaciones entre resistencia, optimismo, eventos de vida negativos y autoeficacia de afrontamiento; y (2) determinar si la resistencia y el optimismo moderan la relación entre los eventos negativos de la vida y la autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Método: Este estudio correlacional descriptivo se realizó en el año escolar 2016-17. En este estudio, al principio seleccionamos 228 estudiantes. Luego, los estudiantes completaron el Cuestionario de Eventos de la Vida Adolescente (ALEQ), la Prueba de Orientación de la Vida revisada (LOT-R), la Escala de Resistencia de Kobasa y la Escala de Autoeficacia (CSE). Se utilizaron análisis jerárquicos de regresión lineal para examinar el papel moderador de la resistencia y el optimismo. Resultados: Los resultados revelan que existe una relación significativa entre resistencia, optimismo, eventos vitales negativos y autoeficacia de afrontamiento. La resistencia y el optimismo también fueron moderadores en la relación entre los eventos negativos de la vida y la autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Conclusión: Los hallazgos respaldaron la hipótesis de que niveles más altos de resistencia y optimismo se asociarían con niveles más altos de autoeficacia de afrontamiento, y que niveles más bajos de resistencia y optimismo se asociarían con niveles más bajos de autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Finalmente, nuestros resultados implican que la resistencia y el optimismo son un moderador importante de los eventos negativos de la vida del estudiante sobre la autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Introduction. This study analyzes the role of Hardiness and optimism on negative life events and coping self-efficacy in 228 first-year undergraduate students from lorestan university (iran). The aim of the study was two-fold: (1) to analyze the associations between Hardiness, optimism, negative life events and coping self-efficacy; and (2) to determine whether Hardiness and optimism moderates the relationship between negative life events and coping self-efficacy. Method. This descriptive correlational study was conducted in the school year of 2016-17. In this study, at first we selected 228 students. Then the students completed the Adolescent Life Events Questionnaire (ALEQ), Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Kobasa's Hardiness Scale, and Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE). Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to examine the moderating role of Hardiness and optimism. Results. Results reveal that there is a significant Relationship between Hardiness, optimism, negative life events and coping self-efficacy. Hardiness and optimism was also a moderator in the relationship between negative life events and coping self-efficacy. Conclusion. The findings supported the hypothesis that higher levels of Hardiness and optimism would be associated with higher levels of Coping Self-Efficacy, and that lower levels of Hardiness and optimism would be associated with lower levels of Coping Self-Efficacy. Finally, our results imply that Hardiness and optimism is an important moderator of student’s negative life events on Coping Self-Efficacy.
Objective: The present research aimed to explore the effects of cognitive-metacognitive strategies and positive psychology training skills on academic self-efficacy, academic burnout, and learning strategies. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental with an unequal control group design. The statistical population included students in Arak City, Iran, in the academic year 2019-2020. Accordingly, 45 of whom were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly divided into 3 experimental and control groups (n=15/group). The study participants completed the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, Bresso et al.’s (1997) Burnout Questionnaire, and the Learning Strategies Scale. The study hypotheses were tested by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The present study data indicated that concerning self-efficacy and academic burnout, teaching cognitive-metacognitive strategies was more effective than positive psychology training (P<0.01). Conclusion: The present research results that teaching cognitive-metacognitive strategies and positive psychology promoted academic self-efficacy and learning strategies and reduced academic burnout.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.