Atmospheric NO2 is of great concern due to its adverse effects on human health and the environment, motivating research on NO2 detection and remediation. Existing low-cost room-temperature NO2 sensors often suffer from low sensitivity at the ppb level or long recovery times, reflecting the trade-off between sensor response and recovery time. Here, we report an atomically dispersed metal ion strategy to address it. We discover that bimetallic PbCdSe quantum dot (QD) gels containing atomically dispersed Pb ionic sites achieve the optimal combination of strong sensor response and fast recovery, leading to a high-performance room-temperature p-type semiconductor NO2 sensor as characterized by a combination of ultra–low limit of detection, high sensitivity and stability, fast response and recovery. With the help of theoretical calculations, we reveal the high performance of the PbCdSe QD gel arises from the unique tuning effects of Pb ionic sites on NO2 binding at their neighboring Cd sites.
Purpose Increasing diversity leads to local, national and transnational challenges requiring a novel and explicit problem-solving approach. Practical wisdom, which emerges from an integration knowledge and ability through religious awareness, can promote peaceful coexistence in diverse societies with adequate theological and educational infrastructures. This paper aims to critically examine practical wisdom as the religious awareness to underlying building harmony in the diverse society. Design/methodology/approach Literature from refereed and peer-reviewed journals and articles was reviewed using thematic topic analysis to propose a model of the practical wisdom as a foundation for building harmony in a diverse society. Findings This result shows that there are several discussions with specific objectives of practical wisdom as the result of core understanding of religious awareness underlying the potential solutions in the diverse society; the significant essence of practical wisdom as the core element for building harmony; exploring how practical wisdom should be a wide particular element in building integrity and harmony in the diverse society. Originality/value Practical wisdom can establish peaceful and respectful relations amongst diverse segments of the population. It is, therefore, crucial for scholars and practitioners to explore practical wisdom in depth and devise ways of promoting this important characteristic at a social level through the exchange of common ideas and goals.
Respiratory dysfunction is a major cause of death in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). A remaining unsolved problem in treating SCI is the intolerable side effects of the drugs to patients. In a significant departure from conventional targeted nanotherapeutics to overcome the blood−brain barrier (BBB), this work pursues a drug-delivery approach that uses neural tracing retrograde transport proteins to bypass the BBB and deliver an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist drug, 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentyl xanthine, exclusively to the respiratory motoneurons in the spinal cord and the brainstem. A single intradiaphragmatic injection at one thousandth of the native drug dosage induces prolonged respiratory recovery in a hemisection animal model. To translate the discovery into new treatments for respiratory dysfunction, we carry out this study to characterize the purity and quality of synthesis, stability, and drug-release properties of the neural tracing protein (wheat germ agglutinin chemically conjugated to horseradish peroxidase)-coupled nanoconjugate. We show that the batch-to-batch particle size and drug dosage variations are less than 10%. We evaluate the nanoconjugate size against the spatial constraints imposed by transsynaptic transport from pre to postsynaptic neurons. We determine that the nanoconjugate formulation is capable of sustained drug release lasting for days at physiologic pH, a prerequisite for long-distance transport of the drug from the diaphragm muscle to the brainstem. We model the drug-release profiles using a first-order reaction model and the Noyes−Whitney diffusion model. We confirm via biological electron microscopy that the nanoconjugate particles do not accumulate in the tissues at the injection site. We define the nanoconjugate storage conditions after monitoring the solution dispersion stability under various conditions for 4 months. This study supports further development of neural tracing protein-enabled nanotherapeutics for treating respiratory problems associated with SCI.
Despite extensive research on nanowires and nanosensors, the lack of manufacturing methods limits nanosensor commercialization. Here a new way of making nanowire sensors is demonstrated. Nanowire crystals of charge‐transfer salt, tetrathiafulvalene bromide or (TTF)Br, are electrochemically deposited across lines of microelectrodes made by photolithography to complete the sensor circuitry. A novel concept is the direct synthesis of nanowires on sensor substrates using pre‐existing patterns to direct the nanowire nucleation and crystallization. The gas sensing capability of the nanowire assembly is demonstrated for the detection of ammonia at a concentration range of 1–100 ppm by measuring the changes in its electrical impedance. The selectivity toward ammonia against water vapor, one of the most persistent challenges for wide adoption of nanosensors for gas detection, can be tuned by (TTF)Br nanowire chemical composition during synthesis. This work demonstrates a proof of concept toward scalable manufacturing of nanosensor devices via one‐step, substrate‐directed nucleation and crystallization.
We address the challenges in teaching nanoengineering to undergraduates by applying computational tools to aid student learning. Virtual labs have been developed for the nanoparticle synthesis and characterization while a second lab module has been developed to study α‐helical protein structures and their tensile mechanics based on online molecular simulations.
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