Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L. var. Grand Vert) is an herbaceous plant that uses volatile oil and herbs in the market or as an ornamental plant. The experiment is divided into two parts, the first is the preparation of chitosan Nano-fertilizer as well as (CCS) and chitosan-NPK nano-fertilizer (CCS-NPK) as well as loaded on chitosan, and the second part is the application of the use of these different nano-fertilizers, which is recommended by NPK to study its effect on the morphological, chemical and oil properties and its chemical composition for sweet basil plants (Ocimum basilicum L. var Grand Vert). after planting it In the seasons 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 In the Experimental Field of a Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, EL-Qanater El-Khaieria Gezeret El-Shaeier, and the Medicinal and Aromatic dept Lab., (HRI), (ARC), Dokki, Giza, and Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab., The study was the effect of Nano-fertilization and toxicity on the plant extract in order to ensure the safety of using nanoparticles. The results revealed that application of chitosan alone or as loaded on NPK or as NPs increased growth, yield, oil %, oil yield, the chemical structure of basil plants, and decreased toxicity of human hung cells, where the effective treatments were CS-NPK NF 400:50:300; CS-NPK NF 300:60:400 and Chitosan Nano 250 under the study conditions.
An open field study was carried out at Dept. of Ornamental Hort. Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., and the applied part was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Hort. Res. Inst., ARC., Giza, Egypt during 2015 and 2016 seasons to investigate the effect of pinching, bio-and chemical fertilization (as soil drench), foliar spraying with alar (a growth retardant) and their interactions on vegetative growth of goldenrod (Solidago hybrida, "Tara") with the aim of producing high quality plants appropriate to be used as pot plants. Non-pinching was more effective than pinching procedure in increasing plant height, stem diameter and leaf area while pinching produced the highest values in terms of herb fresh and dry weights. Chemical fertilization with NPK at either 1.5 or 3 g/pot with or without bio-fertilization resulted in the highest values when compared with the other fertilization treatments. Alar at 1500 ppm produced the highest values in of plant height, stem diameter and leaf area (first season only), while alar at zero ppm produced the heaviest fresh and dry herb weights and the widest leaves (in the second season only). Nonpinching treatments increased plant height, stem diameter and leaf area to the highest values when combined with NPK at only 1.5 g/pot, while pinching treatments combined with all fertilization treatments (except for bio-fertilizer only and control) presented the highest herb fresh and dry weights. Non-pinching in addition to alar at 1000 ppm presented the highest values of plant height and stem diameter, while non-pinching in addition to alar at 500 ppm produced the highest leaf area. Pinching goldenrod plants in addition to spraying with alar at zero or 500 ppm increased herb fresh and dry weights. NPK at only 1.5 g/pot in addition to alar at 1000 or 1500 ppm produced the highest values of plant height and stem diameter. In this concern the highest fresh and dry weights were obtained by treating with bio-fertilization plus NPK at 3 g/pot in addition to alar at 500 or 1500 ppm. NPK at 1.5 g/pot + alar at 1500 ppm produced the highest leaf area in the first season, while in the second one bio-fertilizer + NPK at 1.5 g/pot + alar at zero ppm was more effective. Triple combined treatments showed a great variation in effects on vegetative growth characteristics, in general non-pinching treatments in addition to all fertilization treatments (except for bio-fertilizer only) and alar at all concentrations led to increase plant height, stem diameter and leaf area. However, A.M.Z. Sarhan et al. 30 pinching treatments in addition to bio-fertilization + NPK at 3 g/pot + alar at either 500 or 1500 ppm presented the highest fresh and dry weights, respectively. According to the previous findings and from an aesthetic point of view, it is recommended to treat goldenrod transplants grown in 14 cm pots with pinching in addition to bio-fertilization plus NPK at 3 g/pot + spraying with alar at 1500 ppm to produce high quality goldenrod plants appropriate to be used as pot plants.
This study was carried out at Dept. of Ornamental Hort., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ. and the applied part was carried out under open field conditions at the Experimental Farm of Hort. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt during 2015 and 2016 seasons to investigate the effect of pinching, bio-and chemical fertilization (as a soil drench), foliar spraying with alar and their interactions on flowering parameters of goldenrod (Solidago hybrida, "Tara") with the aim of producing high quality plants appropriate to be used as flowering pot plants. Flowering stem length (cm), flowering start date (days), flowering stem fresh and dry weights (g) and number of flowering branches were greatly affected by single, double and triple treatments applied in this study. Regarding the effect of interaction treatments between pinching, fertilization and alar, non-pinching in addition to bio-fertilization + NPK at 3 g/pot + alar at 1000 ppm resulted in the longest flowering stems. Non-pinching in addition to bio-fertilization + NPK at 1.5 g/pot + alar at 500 ppm shared some other treatments (i.e. pinching in addition to bio-fertilization + NPK at 3 g/pot + alar at 500 ppm) and resulted in the lowest flowering start date values. On the other hand, pinching in addition to bio-fertilization + NPK at either 1.5 or 3 g/pot + alar at 500 ppm produced the heaviest fresh flowering stems and to some extent the highest number of flowering branches. However, nonpinching in addition to alar at 1000 ppm + NPK at 3 g/pot either with or without bio-fertilization resulted in the heaviest flowering stems dry weight. According to the previous findings and from an aesthetic point of view, it is recommended to treat goldenrod transplants grown in 14 cm pots with pinching in addition to bio-fertilization plus NPK at either 1.5 or 3 g/pot + spraying with alar at 500 ppm to produce high quality goldenrod plants appropriate to be used as flowering pot plants.
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