Space modulation techniques (SMTs) have emerged as promising candidates for spectral-and energy-efficient wireless communication systems since they strike a good balance among error performance, power efficiency, spectrum efficiency, and receiver complexity. In SMTs, the information is not only conveyed by the habitual M-ary signal constellations; rather, it is also conveyed by the indices of the transmit antennas. As such, the indices of the transmit antennas are harnessed in such a manner that they enhance the transmission efficiency compared with the other multiple-input multiple-output opponents. Despite their exceptional advantages, SMTs suffer from a major drawback, which lies in the logarithmic proportion between their achievable data rates and the number of transmit antennas. In this regard, the fully generalized spatial modulation (F-GSM) and the fully quadrature spatial modulation (F-QSM) are proposed in this paper in order to vanquish this controversial drawback. In F-GSM and F-QSM, the transmit antennas used for data transmission are varied from the state in which only one transmit antenna is activated to the state in which multiple/all transmit antennas are activated. Therefore, a linear relationship between the achievable data rates and the number of transmit antennas is acquired. Moreover, a novel mathematical framework for assessing the average bit error rate performance of different SMTs is delineated. The driven mathematical framework is considered as the first major attempt to generalize the analytical analysis of different SMTs. In addition, the receiver's computational complexity of the proposed schemes is obtained and analyzed in terms of the computational complexity of different SMTs. The simulation results substantiate the validity of the analytical analysis conducted throughout the paper, as they are very akin to the obtained analytical formulas.

We investigated the effects of milk protein concentrate (MPC) and milk protein concentrate hydrolysate (MPCH) as antioxidant agents in rats. Six groups of healthy (non-diabetic) and type-II diabetic rats were used: (1) healthy rats (control), (2) alloxan-induced rats (diabetic control group), (3) healthy rats treated orally with MPC, (4) diabetic rats treated orally with MPC, (5) healthy rats treated orally with MPCH, and (6) diabetic rats treated orally with MPCH. We concluded that treatment with MPC or MPCH reduced the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in healthy and diabetic rats. Treatment with MPC or MPCH improved activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase) in healthy and diabetic rats. From the present data, we concluded that both MPC and MPCH contain potent antioxidants and could improve the health of rats or other animals with diabetes mellitus.

In order to investigate the effect of different levels of oral glucose supplementation and/or reproductive method on productive and reproductive performance of New Zealand White (NZW) doe rabbits in the tropic, 36 bucks and 120 doe NZW rabbits were equally divided among four treatment groups (n 5 9 bucks 1 30 does). The treatments consisted of supplementing drinking water with 0 (control), 2.5, 5 and 10 g glucose/l, respectively. To study the effect of reproduction method (natural v. artificial), each group was divided into two sub-groups (naturally mated and artificially inseminated) with the same bucks of the same treatment group. Glucose supplementation at 5 or 10 g/l of water increased ( P , 0.01) litter weight at birth and at weaning, and litter weight gain during the 4 weeks. However, glucose supplementation at 2.5 or 5.0 g/l water decreased ( P , 0.01) feed consumption from 7 to 14 days after delivery. Glucose supplementation at 2.5 g/l water did not affect productive and reproductive performance of rabbits. Artificially inseminated does had higher daily litter weight gain between 21 and 28 days post partum. Artificially inseminated group had better milk conversion during the 1st and 4th week as compared to naturally mated groups. Compared with the control group, the economic efficiency and performance index of NZW rabbits was significantly improved by 5 g glucose supplementation under tropic condition.

Objective: To determine whether the addition of manual diaphragm release to an inspiratory muscle training programme is more effective than inspiratory muscle training alone in reducing blood pressure, dyspnoea, fatigue, and aerobic performance capacity in men with post-COVID-19 syndrome.Design: A prospective, randomized-controlled trial.Setting: Chest Disease Department, Outpatient Clinic, Cairo University, Egypt.Participants: Fifty-two men with post-COVID-19 syndrome were allocated randomly to the study and control groups.Intervention: The study group underwent diaphragm release plus inspiratory muscle training, whereas the control group received inspiratory muscle training only.Outcome measures: All patients were assessed with the following measures at baseline and 6 weeks postintervention: maximum static inspiratory pressure for inspiratory muscle strength, peripheral arterial blood pressure, Modified Medical Research Council scale for dyspnoea, Fatigue Severity Scale, serum lactate level, and 6-min walk test distance for aerobic performance.Results: All outcome measures showed a significant improvement in favour of the study group (p < 0.001) over the control group. However, maximum static inspiratory pressure increased significantly, by 48.17% (p < 0.001) in the study group with no significant change in the control group.Conclusion: Addition of manual diaphragm release to an inspiratory muscle training programme potentiates the role of inspiratory muscle training in the management of men with symptomatic post-COVID-19 syndrome.

No abstract

No abstract

Objectives: Conventional fractionated irradiation (CF) has major implications on both patient quality of life and radiotherapy (RT) departments. Hypofractionated (HF) RT schedule would be more convenient for patients and for health care providers. We retrospectively evaluated OAS, DFS, locoregional control, and treatment related toxicities, in patients treated with CF and HF schedules.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of female breast cancer patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma, and underwent surgery and received adjuvant systemic and radiation therapies.The schedule of adjuvant radiotherapy was divided into two groups; CF (n = 162), and HF (n = 181).The log-rank test examined differences in OAS and DFS rates. Data of radiation toxicities, and disease relapse in both CF and HF groups were compared using Chi-square test. Results:The median follow up was 42 months (range: 6 -127 months). Four-year OAS & DFS rates for the whole group were 86.5% & 83.8% respectively. There were no significant differences in 4-year OAS regarding age at diagnosis (p = 0.18, HR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.36 -1.22), disease stage (p = 0.06), HR status (p = 0.1, HR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.241 -1.135), type of surgery (p = 0.28, HR 1.44, 95% CI: 0.74 -2.79), and fractionation schedule (p = 0.12, HR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.35 -1.34). Disease stage (p = 0.032, in favour of early stages) and fractionation schedule (p = 0.039, HR 0.553, 95% CI: 0.315 -0.970 in favour of HF) were associated with significant differences in 4-year DFS rates. Conclusion:Hypofractionated radiation therapy was safe and resulted in comparable OAS and disease relapse rates, to that in CF.

We conclude that HCV-positive patients with DLBCL treated with rituximab plus CHOP have high incidence in hepatic toxicity. Specific protocols evaluating antiviral therapy should be designed for these patients.