In construction projects, determining the type and properties of materials is a significant aspect. Not all soil has the potential to support the structure above it. If the building is constructed on weak ground, it is at risk and susceptible to collapsing due to differential caused by the soil's poor shear strength and high compressibility. Therefore, changing soil properties to increase its engineering performance is highly required. In this research, experiments were carried out to improve the strength of sand utilizing polyurethane-resin (P.U.) as additive material conducted in this research. This research aims to investigate the effects of adding polyurethane-resin for soil shear strength, settlement, deformation modulus, and unconfined compressive strength. In this study, three types of sand were injected with Polyurethane. A plate loading test was conducted before and after polyurethane injection. The settlement, ultimate bearing capacity, and deformation modulus were determined based on the results of the plate loading test. Cylindrical samples were extracted from the injected sand mass, tested by the unconfined compressive strength test, and determined deformation modulus. For assessing the effect of polyurethane mixing ratio on shear strength parameters and unconfined compressive strength, samples with different polyurethane mixing ratios 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% by weight were prepared and tested utilizing the unconfined compressive strength and direct shear box.
In this paper, an MR-damper fitted to a non-linear quarter car model to obtain the optimum voltage required to handle the MR-damper during the vehicle passing over a bump. Macpherson strut suspension system is implemented for the study. The optimum voltage was obtained depending on ride comfort which was the vertical vehicle RMS acceleration and displacement. The analysis was done by using a genetic algorithm in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. GA is implemented to minimize both the vertical RMS acceleration and displacement of the sprung mass. The results are compared to the passive suspension system. The RMS acceleration is reduced by 71 % and 11% at velocities of 10 and 70 km/hr respectively while the displacement is reduced by 36.6% and 40% at the same velocities after the transient period. A pareto front was obtained at different vehicle velocities to demonstrate the effect of vehicle velocity on vehicle vertical acceleration and displacement and gives more flexibility to choose optimum solution as the designer requirement's.
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