IntroductionMany predisposing factors for TE were reported in nephrotic patients , abnormalities in platelet activation and aggregation, activation of prothrombotic factors of coagulation system e.g. factors V,VII, VIII, X, von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibrinogen, and α 2-macroglobulin, decreased activity of fibrinolytic system such as plasminogen [1] and decreased endogenous anticoagulants, antithrombin III, protein C, protein S and tissue factor pathway inhibitor resulting in local activation of the glomerular hemostasis system [2]. vWF mediates platelet adhesion and aggregation at sites of vascular injury [3]. It is released from the stimulated endothelium as unusually large (UL) multimer [4]. ULvWF favor platelet aggregation and formation of microvascular thrombi [5]. A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type-1 motif 13 (ADAMTS 13) can cleaves and thus converses ULvWF into a less active form [6]. Reduced ADAMTS 13 activity due to gene mutation or presence of autoimmune IgM and IgG inhibitors [7] results in deficient proteolysis of ULvWF with formation of disseminated platelet-rich thrombi in the microcirculation seen in thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) [8,9].
Study of A Disintegrin and
IntroductionIn ESRD, gonadal hormones undergo several pathological changes which result in retardation of pubertal development [1]. These hormonal disturbances result in failure to thrive and delay the pubertal development [2]. About one third of male adolescents with CRF has a delayed puberty. Many pathophysiological mechanisms can explain pubertal delay in these patients [1] including hormonal disturbance in the hypothalamohypophyseal gonadal axis, toxic effects of uremia on peripheral tissues, testicular injury and disordered secretion and function of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteizing hormone (LH) which is known also as interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) secretion [3].
Study of Male Sex Hormone Levels in Male Egyptian Children and Adolescents with End Stage Renal Disease under Regular HaemodialysisAbstract Background: Delayed puberty is a common pathological finding in male children with chronic renal failure (CRF) secondary the pathological changes in testosterone hormone.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.