Objectives To compare the root resorption resulting from miniscrew-supported maxillary posterior dentoalveolar intrusion using two different force magnitudes. Materials and Methods: Adult patients with skeletal open bite, indicated for maxillary posterior dentoalveolar intrusion, were recruited and randomly assigned to the comparison or intervention groups. The comparison group involved applying 200 g of intrusive force per segment, which measured 20 g per root, while this force was 400 g per segment in the intervention group, measuring 40 g per root. Results Twenty participants were included in the final analysis after 2 patients dropped out, 1 in each group, to end up with 10 subjects (200 roots) per group. There was statistically significant root resorption of 0.84 ± 0.96 mm and 0.93 ± 1.00 mm in the comparison and the intervention groups, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions Root resorption inevitably took place in association with orthodontic intrusion. However, increasing the magnitude of the intrusive force did not increase the amount of root resorption, either statistically or clinically.

Objectives To compare the effects of two different force magnitudes on maxillary posterior segment intrusion using mini-screws. The null hypothesis was that there would be no difference between the two force magnitudes. Materials and Methods Adult patients with skeletal open bite and a dental open bite ranging from 3 to 8 mm were recruited for this trial. The comparator group had 200 g of intrusive force applied for posterior segment intrusion, whereas 400 g of force was applied in the intervention group. Primary outcomes were the amount of posterior teeth intrusion and anterior open bite closure. Results Twenty-two subjects were randomized to include 11 participants in each group. One participant dropped out in each group, leaving us with 10 subjects to be analyzed per group. There was statistically significant posterior teeth intrusion of 2.42 ± 2.06 and 2.26 ± 1.87 mm for the comparator and intervention groups, respectively, with no difference between them. Statistically significant open bite closure was achieved in both groups, measuring 2.24 ± 1.18 and 3.15 ± 1.06 mm in the comparator and intervention groups, respectively, with no difference between them. Conclusions Both the 200 g and 400 g intrusive forces yielded similar outcomes in terms of posterior teeth intrusion and anterior open bite closure.

Objectives To evaluate anchorage control using miniscrews vs an Essix appliance in treatment of Class II malocclusion by distalization using the Carrière Motion Appliance (CMA). Materials and Methods Twenty-four postpubertal female patients with Class II, division 1 malocclusion were randomly distributed into two equal groups. CMA was bonded in both groups, and one group was treated with miniscrews as anchorage (12 patients, mean age = 18.0 years) while the other group was treated with an Essix appliance as anchorage (12 patients, mean age = 17.8 years). For each patient, two cone-beam computed tomographic scans were obtained: one preoperatively and another after completion of distalization. Results In the Essix appliance group, there was a statistically significant anterior movement (2.2 ± 1.43 mm) as well as proclination of the lower incisor (5.3° ± 4.0°), compared to a nonsignificant anterior movement (0.06 ± 1.45 mm) and proclination (0.86° ± 2.22°) in the miniscrew group. The amount of maxillary molar distalization was higher in the miniscrew group (2.57 ± 1.52 mm) than in the Essix appliance group (1.53 ± 1.11 mm); however, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Miniscrews led to a decrease in the amount of anchorage loss in the mandibular incisors, both in terms of anterior movement and proclination.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to introduce and measure the effectiveness of a new 3D-printed nasoalveolar molding (D-NAM) appliance on improving the maxillary arch dimensions (MADs) in infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) before surgical lip repair. Design: A prospective, balanced, randomized, parallel groups, single-blinded, controlled trial. Setting: All the steps of the current study were carried in the Department of Orthodontics, Cairo University in Egypt. Participants: Thirty-four, nonsyndromic infants with UCLP. Interventions: The eligible infants were randomly assigned into either no-treatment (control) or to the new D-NAM groups. In D-NAM group, the maxillary models were 3D scanned into virtual models onto which segmentation and alveolar segments approximation were performed. Approximation movements were divided into 3 models representing 3 activation steps. On each of these models, virtual appliance construction was performed followed by 3D printing of the appliance. Nasal stent was added manually to the appliances of the second and third steps. Horizontal tapes were applied to infants in the D-NAM group only. Main Outcomes Measures: A Blinded assessors carried all the MADs measurements virtually on digital models collected at the beginning (T1) and after (T2) treatment. Results: Clinically and/or statistically significant improvements in all the measured MADs were recorded in D-NAM group at T2 before surgical lip repair in comparison to control group. Conclusions: The introduced D-NAM/3D-printed appliance is a simple and efficient technique to improve the MADs in infants with UCLP before surgical lip repair.

Objective: The aim of the current randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to assess the effectiveness of taping alone in changing the maxillary arch dimensions (MADs) in infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) before surgical lip repair. Design: A prospective, balanced, randomized, parallel-group, single-blinded, controlled trial. Setting: All the steps of the current study were carried in the Department of Orthodontics, Cairo University in Egypt. Participants: Thirty-one, nonsyndromic infants with UCLP. Interventions: The eligible infants were randomly assigned to either no-treatment (control) or taping groups. In the taping group, all the infants received horizontal tape between the 2 labial segments aiming to decrease the cleft gap. No other interventions were performed to infants included in this group. Rubber base impressions were made to all the included infants in both groups at the beginning of the treatment (T1) and directly before surgical lip repair (T2). All the produced models were scanned using a desktop scanner producing digital models for outcome assessment. Main Outcomes Measures: A blinded assessor carried out all the MAD measurements virtually on the produced digital models at the beginning (T1) and after (T2) treatment. Results: Clinically and/or statistically significant changes in all the measured MADs were recorded in the taping group at T2 before surgical lip repair in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: It seems that taping alone is an efficient tool in changing the MADs before surgical lip repair in infants with UCLP.