Since ASEAN was established in 8 August 1967, ASEAN organization was only joined by five countries. Now ASEAN has become a successful regional organization in bringing the attention of the other countries in rest of the world. Generally, ASEAN has successfully nurtures the cooperation in political, economical, social and cultural with establishment in exercise and research facilities for shared interest. Nowadays, ASEAN roles and influence has strong base in Southeast Asia and South Asia regions. ASEAN has taken place as important body in Asia Pacific political stream through Asian Regional Forum (ARF), where it is successful to create attention of various countries not only in Asia region but also United States of America and Europe involvement. Nevertheless, beside the successful story and prosperity achieved by ASEAN at this moment it has uniqueness when it has to face challenges at the early stage of ASEAN establishment. This journal will touch on history and ASEAN life story and explain What and How ASEAN able to strengthen its role and existence at the time Southeast Asia countries need an organization with the ability to unite all the countries in Southeast Asia region.
Kerajaan Malaysia telah memberikan penumpuan terhadap aspek keselamatan dan pembangunan pertahanan sejak dari kemerdekaan negara lagi. Pada ketika ini, ancaman yang dihadapi oleh negara adalah melibatkan dua bentuk ancaman iaitu ancaman dari dalam negara dan ancaman dari luar negara. Kebanyakkan negara khususnya di rantau Asia Tenggara telah mencapai kemerdekaan di antara tahun 1950-an dan 1960-an. Sebagai sebuah negara yang juga boleh dikategorikan juga baru mencapai kemerdekaan, negara-negara di rantau Asia Tenggara ini tidak lari dari menghadapi pelbagai ancaman yakni ancaman dari sudut dalaman negara seperti ancaman pemberontakan komunis semasa insurgensi, konflik etnik, ketidakstabilan politik, rusuhan kaum, masalah perpaduan dan sebagainya telah menjadi faktor yang juga telah mempengaruhi perbentukan Dasar Pertahanan Negara (DPN). Manakala ancaman dari sudut luar seperti persempadan, persaingan kuasa besar antara Amerika Syarikat dan Kesatuan Soviet semasa perang dingin yang juga menyebabkan berlakunya ketidakstabilan politik, konflik dan peperangan di rantau Asia Tenggara, persaingan ideologi, ketegangan hubungan dan konflik hubungan antara negara, ancaman terrorisme dan pemberontakan serta sebagainya telah mempengaruhi dan memaksa negara Malaysia untuk membangun serta memodenkan sistem pertahanan negara.
Commonly countries around the world view nuclear development in a negative light; that is threatening to national security. The nuclear disaster that happened on August 1945 in Japan, sacrificing over 200,000 lives and the explosion at Chernobyl nuclear plant in Ukraine on 26 April 1986 has drawn the attention of world community on the consequence of nuclear as energy resource (Ku Seman Ku Hussain, 2005). In actual fact, nuclear is an energy source providing positive impact to economic, politics and progress of a nation. Unfortunately, nuclear resources had been misconstrued and have become one of the factors that led Third World countries development process rate to lag behind developed countries. The spread of nuclear energy resources to Third World countries especially countries in the Asia-Pacific region at the moment is as a result of world community's awareness with interest and concern in developing nuclear energy as an alternative energy resource. The successful of several Develop Countries such as Japan and Third World countries such as South Korea, Brazil, India and Pakistan who have developed their own nuclear power have change the perception of the other Third World countries about the importance of nuclear power. This scenario brought effect and provides an opportunity to Malaysia to start paying attention on nuclear energy resource development.
Mahathiriskonomism is a thought concept in an effort to save the economy under crisis and has proven successful. This model was a manifestation of idea and an action plan used by Malaysia during the economic crisis, which was an initiative of Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad during his reign as Malaysia's Prime Minister. With experience in handling two great economic crises, in 1982 and 1997, the birth of an economic management under stress by Tun Dr Mahathir can clearly be called as Mahathiriskonomism. Therefore, the thought perspective and idea with the actions that were used in 1997 was perceived as an important effective experiment in handling the economic crisis which has defied western believes, applied by the International Money Fund (IMF) and also the World Bank under the Washington Consensus. The global economic crisis 2008 made Malaysia an important subject as alternative management in economy under stress. In this ever challenging world, no country in this world can escape from menaces and threats. The threats that emerge can come in various forms. One of the threats and menaces that can manifest is in terms of economy and national development. Currently, in this globalised era, international institutions are also used as instruments to threaten and menace a country’s sovereignty. The westerner’s are supposed to use international institutions as agents, design to shake the stability and present an impact to the government of a country. Consequently the countries being threaten are compelled to accept the injection from the International Money Fund (IMF) which is perceived by some leaders and the public as a proxy to United State and westerners. The IMF had succeeded in confusing the local financial and political system. In the quest to defend the integrity and sovereignty of Malaysia, under the leadership of former Prime Minister, Y.Bhg Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad had successfully minimized the impact of threats and maintained economic management and national politic towards stability. Hence, this approach which can also be referred as 'Mahathiriskonomisme' is identified as a successful approach that amazed the world, furthermore it is observed and studied not only by economy and political researchers in Malaysia, but also international researchers.
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