PurposeEarly literacy and numeracy development among children may be the best measure of a child's well-being. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of child factors, quality of care and household factors, and community factors in early childhood on the development of literacy and numeracy skills of children in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachFor this study, the authors used data from Bangladesh's 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. The association between response variables and selected covariates was examined using the chi-square test. To determine the risk factors for early child literacy and numeracy development, the authors applied two-level logistic regression models.FindingsAmong the total of under five children (n = 9,449), in general, 29.1% of the children were growing in the development early childhood literacy and numeracy in Bangladesh. Children (36–47 months), male children, children with moderate stunting, children with severe and moderate underweight status, mothers without education and primary education, and mothers from the poorest, poorer, middle and richer households were less likely than their counterparts to develop children's early literacy and numeracy skills. In contrast, women from the eastern and central regions, children who read at least 3 books, and early childhood education had higher odds of children's literacy and numeracy skills development than their counterparts.Originality/valueThe results from this study suggest that children's, community, quality of care and household level significant factors should be considered when trying to improve children's literacy and numeracy skills development in Bangladesh.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of sociodemographic factors on child mortality in urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. Methods The research was performed using cross-sectional survey data from the Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2012-2013. The impact of sociodemographic factors on child mortality was estimated using a Poisson regression model for both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh.Results The findings of the study demonstrate that division, religion, women's education, women's age, contraception use, age at first marriage, birth interval, and number of children ever born had notable effects. Among these factors, poverty, women's age, age at first marriage, birth interval, and number of children ever born had significant effects on child mortality in both urban and rural areas. The risk was significantly lower among women with secondary or higher education than in women with no formal education in both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh, and a negative association was found between wealth status and child mortality in rural areas. Conclusions The government should not only take the necessary steps to reduce child deaths in the rural zones of Dhaka, Rajshahi, Rangpur, and the Sylhet Division, but should also consider stopping the practice of early marriage by increasing women's education in both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. It will implement the program to fulfill the 11th national election manifesto of the ruling government of Bangladesh.
Recently, the demand and application of creative marketing and innovative branding have been increased surprisingly because of its ability to grab the attention of customers more quickly than any other media. The objective of this study is to investigate the dimension of effectiveness in creative marketing and innovative branding to attract customer in the tourism and hospitality industry of Bangladesh. Purposive sampling was applied to take a sample of 150 including 117 customers and 33 service providers of the tourism and hospitality industry of Bangladesh. Descriptive analysis, chi-square goodness of fit, chi-square test of independence, and binary logistic regression were performed to obtain the purpose of the study. In the bivariate test (chisquare test of independence) all of creative marketing and innovative branding strategies and tools were found significantly effective to attract customers in that specific industry. But binary logistic regression analysis identified only launching mobile apps and promoting Bangladesh's tourism is significant for customer attraction in the tourism and hospitality industry of Bangladesh among different creative marketing and innovative branding strategies and tools. Bangladesh tourism and hospitality industry should practice creative marketing and innovative branding tools and strategies to attract more customers. Contribution/Originality: The paper`s primary contribution is to investigate the dimension of effectiveness in creative marketing and innovative branding to attract customer in the tourism and hospitality industry. The findings of the study will provide some useful marketing and branding strategies and tools for the tourism and hospitality industry of Bangladesh. 1. INTRODUCTION According to Amabile and Pratt (2016) creativity is about producing novel and useful ideas, whereas innovation is its successful implementation. Amabile and Pratt (2016) defined creativity as "the production of novel and useful ideas by an individual or small group of individuals working together." Therefore, creativity marketing is the extent to which the marketing actions of a product (or service) are meaningful and novel for customers compared to usual practices in the product category (Andrews & Smith, 1996). Moreover, creativity and innovation are recognized as important drivers of an organization's performance, which also applies to the hotel industry (Yfantidou,
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