Resumo: O cuidado em saúde mental oferecido atualmente na atenção primária inclui ferramentas que apresentam o território comunitário como um espaço privilegiado para o novo processo de assistência. Nesse sentido, as intervenções junto à população com transtornos mentais devem voltar-se ao desenvolvimento de estratégias que busquem promover mudanças no espaço social ocupado por essas pessoas e à construção e/ou resgate de redes territoriais. Este estudo tem por objetivo conhecer a relação entre os indivíduos com transtorno mental e os equipamentos sociais da comunidade, por meio de investigação qualitativa com sete usuários com história de sofrimento psíquico, assistidos em uma unidade da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Foram identificados 97 equipamentos sociais na comunidade, distribuídos nas seguintes categorias: saúde, religião, educação, lazer, organização social e postos de trabalho.Observou-se que os usuários participavam apenas de atividades religiosas e recorriam à Estratégia Saúde da Família para cuidados de saúde. A escassez de espaços e atividades de lazer na comunidade acentua a dificuldade relativa à participação social desses sujeitos. Conclui-se que os sujeitos apresentaram relações restritas ao núcleo familiar, aos profissionais da saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família e às atividades religiosas, o que reflete uma articulação frágil com a rede comunitária de cuidados. Esse fato indica a necessidade de expansão das ações de saúde mental na atenção primária e reitera a prática da Terapia Ocupacional, contribuindo para ampliar as relações territoriais e cotidianas de sujeitos com necessidades psicossociais. Palavras-chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde, Saúde Mental, Terapia Ocupacional.The relationship between subjects with mental disorder and social facilities Abstract: The mental care currently provided in primary health care includes tools which present the community territory as a privileged space for the new assistance process. This way, interventions with the population with mental disorders should be aimed at developing strategies which seek the promotion of changes in the social space occupied by these people and at constructing and/or resuming territorial networks. This study aims to understand the relationship between individuals with mental disorder and the community social facilities by means of a qualitative investigation with 7 users, who present a history of psychic suffering, assisted at a unit of the Family Health Strategy. We identified 97 social facilities in the community, distributed into the following categories: health, religion, education, leisure, social organization, and workplaces. We observed that users only participated in religious activities and they resorted to the Family Health Strategy for health care. The lack of spaces and leisure activities in the community increases the difficulty with regard to the social participation of these subjects. We conclude that A relação entre sujeitos com transtorno mental e equipamentos sociais
IntroductionPsychosocial rehabilitation is a challenge in a society with demands unsuitable for those with severe mental illness (SMI). The Mental Health Department of Matosinhos Local Health Unity (MHD-MLHU) has developed a solidarity project aiming to evaluate and elaborate individualized rehabilitative responses with people with SMI, including people from the community motivated for solidarity initiatives.ObjectivesTo describe a psychosocial rehabilitation project focused on community integration of people with SMI, considering needs and resources of the population, and to present the individualized rehabilitation plans carried out for people with SMI.MethodsIn January 2019, we began the home evaluation of people with SMI monitored in the MHD-MLHU. To develop solidary based play-occupational groups, we interviewed people from the community and from the common mental pathology outpatient clinic willing to participate.ResultsWe present the description and evaluation of the psychosocial responses developed by the project. These responses include recreational-occupational groups, tailored to interests of each person with SMI, and using the community support group built for the purpose. These responses promote face-to-face activities, and enhance the destigmatization of SMI. The constraints resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic led to the creation of digital responses aimed at people with SMI and the community in general.ConclusionsThis experience has revealed the great potential of rehabilitating the community context of people with SMI, rather than just contemplating pre-existing structured responses. The pandemic created specific challenges but made the initiative even more relevant for SMI people and for promoting the mental health of the general population.
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