RESUMENLa investigación aporta un estudio bibliométrico de la Colección de 252 monografías, publicadas entre 1938 y 1964, que aparecieron en la colección Al Servicio de España y del Niño Español. Dicha iniciativa formaba parte del programa de lucha contra la mortalidad infantil y maternal que puso en marcha el régimen franquista, desde sus presupuestos totalitarios y sus políticas pronatalistas.PALABRAS CLAVE: Estudio bibliométrico; salud materno-infantil; franquismo; España 1938-1964.
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH DURING THE FRANCOISM: BIBLIO-METRIC NOTES ON THE PROGRAM «AL SERVICIO DE ESPAÑA Y DEL NIÑO ESPAÑOL» (IN THE SERVICE OF SPAIN AND THE SPANISH CHILD)
ABSTRACTThis research comprises a bibliometric study of 252 monographic articles published between 1938 and 1964, which appeared in the collection «In the Service of Spain and the Spanish Child» (Al Servicio de España y del Niño Español). This initiative was part of a programme that sought to combat infant and maternal mortality; it was implemented by Franco's regime and grounded in its totalitarian assumptions and pronatalist policies.KEY WORDS: Bibliometric study; maternal-infant health; Francoism; Spain 1938-1964.
INTRODUCCIÓNAunque fue en el siglo XVIII cuando empezó a despertarse en la sociedad europea una preocupación por el cuidado del niño, por su educación, por la
The present study was prepared in Elche, in the first part of 1997. The aim was to discover what had been the attitudes towards pregnancy, labour and post-labour of women who had been mothers twenty years earlier. 30 samples were analysed, covering ages between 48 and 87 (average 66.4 years oíd). The average of child-births was 4.6 and the socio-cultural level was rather low. More than half of the sample mothers were from the outskirts of Elche but had been living in the área for more than 46 years.The method used was a semi-structured interview, with a questionaire already validated. Interviews were recorded and then transcribed. The conclusions were: the sample women had in common a great number of pregnancies. For them all maternity was very important. Most of them were simply house-wives whose main task was «house-work» and perhaps incidentally they helped their husbands. Most of them have given birth at home although they nowadays feel it is safer to give birth in hospitals. Their present feeling is that mothers should not have the number of children they had had, and time between preganancies should have been longer. They had not received sanitary or health control in their pregnancies. Their reference was always the midwife as the professional in charge of their labour and post-labour, as well as to care for the baby during that period. They neither believe in astrológica! influence towards the vital process ñor do they show faith in religious symbols in the same way.
Objetivos: El estudio se plantea profundizar en el análisis del discurso del régimen franquista que se dirigió a la población femenina, especialmente a las madres y a las enfermeras, en relación con los cuidados a la infancia.Métodos: Se analizó la colección «Al Servicio de España y del Niño Español» , editada por SCELE
Nº 1 Noviembre 2010Pág. -1
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