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Ni-doped ordered mesoporous carbons (Ni@OMC) were prepared by one-pot solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process with sustainable biomass-derived gallic acid as carbon precursor, F127 as soft template and Ni2+ as cross-linker...

A green, safe, and easy-operation method for the preparation of sulfonated palygorskite solid acid catalyst (PAL-SO 3 H) was developed by a mechanochemical process, where thiol groups (−SH) were grafted onto natural palygorskite by a high-speed shearing process with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane in aqueous solution under mild conditions, followed by the oxidation of −SH to −SO 3 H groups. The as-prepared PAL-SO 3 H catalyst was applied in the catalytic conversion of biomass-derived xylose into furfural, and it showed excellent catalytic activity, and as high as 87% of furfural yield with 96% selectivity was achieved at 180 °C in 60 min reaction time in the γ-valerolactone−water mixture (95:5 v/v %). The PAL-SO 3 H catalyst was tolerant of high initial xylose loading concentration up to 120 g/L and exhibited good recyclability. This study provides a green and mild process for the synthesis of a sulfonated solid acid catalyst, which should have potential applications in many fields such as catalysis and adsorption.

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A carbonaceous solid acid catalyst with −Cl and −SO 3 H groups was facilely synthesized in one step by the cocarbonization of sucralose and p-toluenesulfonic acid. The as-prepared carbonaceous solid acid catalyst was used for the hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose in aqueous solutions. When the cellulose was first mixed with the as-prepared catalyst by ball milling, the cellulose hydrolysis process provided a glucose yield of 52.8% in pure water at 200 °C within 1 h, and the glucose yields increased to 71.9% and 88.0% in dilute 0.02 wt % H 2 SO 4 and HCl (with same proton content) aqueous solutions, respectively. The excellent catalytic activity for the production of glucose from cellulose was ascribed to the decreased degree of crystallinity of the cellulose and the improved contact between the active sites in the catalyst and the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in the cellulose molecules due to the ball-milling pretreatment. Moreover, the as-prepared carbonaceous solid acid catalyst exhibited relatively stable catalytic activity over five cycles. This paper provides a promising strategy for the high-yield production of glucose from cellulose hydrolysis in aqueous solutions, and it offers wide application for the transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable chemicals.