A study was held at N. E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre during the kharif season of 2018-19, 2019-2020 and 2020-21. The seeds of various basmati and non-basmati lines were irradiated with ϒ rays at NBRI, Lucknow in 2018-19. The seeds were grown in the same year, the observed viability was less than 99.7 % (M1). The seeds were very meagre and so they were collected and grown in the kharif season of 2019-20. In this generation a screening test for examining BLB resistance was conducted. Resistant mutants were identified in the M2 generation. Similarly, the seeds obtained from M2 were grown as the M3 generation and again screening was done for the BLB. Some mutants were identified which revealed resistance and could be used in the future breeding program for the alleviation of disease susceptibility and catering resistance.
Four cytoplasmic genetic male sterile (CMS) lines and their respective maintainer lines of rice were used in this experiment. The CMS lines included were newly developed line Pant CMS3A along with other three existing CMS lines i.e. IR58025A, Pusa 6A and IR 79156A These were planted in four rows of 6 meter length along two rows of respective maintainer lines were also planted aside. The hybrid seed set under natural conditions was allowed without GA3 application and supplementary pollination. Observations were recorded on plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of tillers/plant, out crossing rate (%), panicle exertion (%), panicle length (cm), number of filled grains, total number of grains and yield (Kg/ha). The panicle exertion in Pant CMS 3A showed significant advantage over widely used CMS lines viz. IR58025A, Pusa 6 and IR79156A with respect to panicle exertion, out crossing rate and days to 50% flowering. If this line is utilized in the hybrid seed production, use of GA3 can be avoided and seed yield can be enhanced.
Brinjal or eggplant belongs to family nightshade (solanaceae) is one of the most popular and widely grown vegetable in India. Eggplant is a good source of minerals and vitamins in the tropical diets. Assessment of genetic resources is the starting point of any crop improvement programme. Present investigation was carried out in brinjal crop to study the frequency distributions of 15 morphological characters namely plant growth habit, plant branching, stem pigmentation, leaf blade colour, leaf blade length, leaf blade width, leaf blade lobing, leaf prickle, flowering habit, flower colour, stigma colour, fruit shape, fruit curved, fruit apex shape and fruit colour showed wide range of variable characters. Most of genotypes showed intermediate growth habit, purple stem pigment, green stem colour, intermediate leaf lobbing. Most of genotypes were early to mid-early flowering and were born in three patterns i.e. solitary,cyme and mixed (both solitary and cyme). The fruit shape was observed to variable and found oblong, round, medium long and long. The genotypes fell into six fruit colour groups namely green, purple, white and light purple. The wide regional variations for plant, flower and fruit descriptors revealed enough scope for improvement of yield characters by selection. The genetic differences among the landraces are potentially relevant to breeding programmes in that the variability created through hybridization of the contrasting forms could be exploited.
Improved varieties have agronomic advantages over local varieties,but not much attention has been given to understand the nutritional content of the improved cowpea varieties released. This study investigated the physical and nutritional properties of improved cowpea varieties released in GBPUAT, Pantnagar. Five released varieties were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that there were variations in seed weight as the values ranged between 10.0 and 18.0 g per 100 g seed weight. The protein content ranged from 22.51-29.6%. Contents of iron ranged from 5.10 to 9.68 (mg/100 g). Zinc content ranged from 2.54 to 5.59 (mg/100 g). The released varieties have high seed weight, which is an essential factor that farmers consider when choosing a variety to adopt. In terms of addressing nutritional security, the crop is suitable for addressing protein-energy malnutrition and formulating blends for baby foods.
Twenty cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes were evaluated for thrip and aphid resistance and yield and associated traits. The associated parameters studied were Thrip score, aphid score, plant height, number of branches, number of clusters, number of pods, seeds per pod and yield and the result obtained showed significant differences . From the result obtain it can be concluded that GCP-400, GCP-387 and GCP-287 had the best results in most of the parameters evaluated.
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