ABSTRACT. In order to obtain basic information about bovine interleukin-1 (IL-1β), levels of IL-1β in sera and milk of clinically normal mature Holstein cattle before and after parturition and in sera of newborn calves were examined by ELISA. The level of IL-1β was undetectable in sera of mature cattle around the time of artificial insemination, but the concentration gradually increased and reached a peak at parturition and then decreased again to an undetectable level. IL-1β in milk was detected on the day of parturition but not thereafter. IL-1β mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the cells from milk collected during 20 days before and 2 to 3 days after parturition, but was not detected thereafter. Although IL-1β was not detected in all the sera of newborn calves, the concentration transiently increased with peak titers on day 3 and became undetectable by day 14 after birth. Newborns that showed serum IL-1β on day 3 had been fed on colostrum in which the IL-1β concentration was significantly higher than that in colostrum that had been fed to newborns having no detectable IL-1β on day 3. These results indicate that IL-1β is induced in association with pregnancy in healthy dairy cattle and that the cytokine might be transferred to neonates via colostrum. -KEY WORDS: cattle, colostrum, interleukin-1, pregnancy.
An important periodontal pathogen, Porphyromans gingivalis strains are classified into six genotypes (types I-V and Ib), based on the genotype of the fimbriae A (fimA). Among the genotypes, fimA type II strains are thought to be most strongly related to advanced periodontitis. To develop passive immunotherapy, over 300 hybridoma clones were constructed through immunization of cell extracts of fimA type II strain P. gingivalis TDC60 using hybridoma technology. Among these clones, 15 MAbs recognized TDC60 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with an individual ladder-like structure by Western blot analysis. Further Western blotting of the 15 MAbs against LPS from TDC60, FDC381 (fimA type I), and W83 (fimA type IV) of P. gingivalis and Escherichia coli was carried out. None of these MAbs recognized E. coli LPS, and divided into at least three different Western blot patterns. To confirm the specificity to LPS, three clones were selected and competition assays were carried out using TDC60 LPS. All three MAbs reduced the reactivity against TDC60 LPS after absorption of the LPS in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that MAbs recognizing different epitopes of P. gingivalis LPS were successfully constructed, and these MAbs may be useful in neutralizing P. gingivalis infection.
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