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Background: Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process which requires suitable environment to promote healing process. The aim of the study was to compare the in vitro antimicrobial effectiveness of iodine containing or note cellulose derivative dressings against five multi-drug resistant bacteria hospital strains.Methods: Six cellulose derivative dressings with or without povidone iodine added were inoculated with five multi-drug resistant bacteria strains and reference strains. Culture protocol was carried out, then plates were examined for bacterial growth after incubation. The presence of a zone of inhibition, both underneath and around the dressing was assessed. In addition, the remaining bacteria on the cellulose derivative dressings were quantified by the CFU assay Statistical analysis was performed, and results were recorded. Results:The statistical results showed that, the antimicrobial efficacy of cellulose derivative without and with povidone iodine depends of the strain origin (p=0.02); an average diameter of inhibition is smaller by 7.7 mm for a hospital strains compared to reference strains; the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the cellulose derivative without and with povidone iodine compared to oxidized regenerated cellulose without povidone iodine used as a reference showed p < 0.0001, indicating that all treatments were significant; no cells (1×10 0 CFU/mL) were found on CMC 294+10% PVI and ORC+10% PVI for reference bacteria and ORC+10% PVI for hospital bacteria. Conclusion:These results suggest a synergistic effect of the combination cellulose derivative-povidone iodine on the different hospital bacteria tested. ORC+10% PVI is effective at killing hospital bacterial strains (1×10 0 CFU/mL).Khorsi-Cauet H (2020) Antimicrobial effects of cellulose derivatives in the prevention of surgical infections: in vitro activity against-resistant microorganisms