Both Sherif and Hovland's (1961) judgmental theory and Festinger's (1957) dissonance theory (particularly as mterpreted by Festmger & Aronson, i960, and Aronson, Turner, & Carlsmith, 1963) predict a curviknear relationship between mfluence and coimnumcator-commumcatee discrepancy According to the judgmental mterpretation, a commumcation, like an external anchor, produces mcreasmg positive influence (assimilation) with moderate discrepancy, and decreasmg influence or possibly negative influence (contrast) with more extreme discrepancy As long as a communication is m the latitude of acceptance, mcreasmg discrepancy will produce mcreasmg change, but when a communication is m the more discrepant latitude of rejection, mcreasmg discrepancy will produce decreasmg change The latitude of acceptance is operationally mdexed m terms of the range of positions that the mdividual considers acceptable, and the latitude of rejection in terms of the range of positions that the mdividual considers objectionable Accordmg to the dissonance interpretation, increasing commimicator-commumcatee discrepancy produces mcreasmg amounts of dissonance that theoretically can be reduced m any of four ways conformity to the communicator's point of view, disparagement of the communicator, persuasion of the communicator that he is mcorrect, obtamed social support from other like-minded individuals In most laboratory experiments Ss are not allowed to talk either to the communicator or to other Ss, thus, the latter two modes of dissonance reduction are not available This leaves conformity and disparagement as the only possibilities At the moderate levels of discrepancy, mcreasmg discrepancy theoretically results m mcreasmg conformity, and at the extreme levels of discrepan-1 Now at the Umversity of North Carohna
This study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and personal characteristics on samples of 778 Indians and 620 Nigerians. The results indicate no relationsfup between sex, marital status, and annual income and job satisfaction for both the samples. Age showed quadratic and linear relationship with satisfaction for Indian and Nigerian samples respectively. Satisfaction increased with increasing number of dependents and work experience and decreased with increasing years of education for both the samples. The regression analysis showed that all seven personal characteristics accounted for 34.9 per cent and 71.7 per cent variation in job satisfaction for Indian and Nigerian employees, respectively. Culture and level of industrialization have been examined to explain the differences in the results.
This study was designed to examine the relationship between organizational levels and job satisfaction while controlling for some methodological and conceptual sources of contradiction in the literature. Data were collected on 84 employees from four organizationally adjacent levels from the same unit of an organization. PNSQ andJSI questionnaries were administered. The results suggest homogeneity of satisfaction scores among the four levels on all components of PNSQ except social. The results are explained in terms of ecological constraints.
This study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and personal characteristics on samples of 778 Indians and 620 Nigerians. The results indicate no relationship between sex, marital status, and annual income and job satisfaction for both the samples. Age showed quadratic and linear relationship with satisfaction for Indian and Nigerian samples respectively. Satisfaction increased with increasing number of dependents and work experience and decreased with increasing years of education for both the samples. The regression analysis showed that all seven personal characteristics accounted for 34.9 per cent and 71.7 per cent variation in job satisfaction for Indian and Nigerian employees, respectively. Culture and level of industrialization have been examined to explain the differences in the results.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.