Rent-seeking coalitions based on gender create a gender bias in social institutions that influences market outcomes. How does economic development, which involves substantial relocation of economic functions from the family to the market and the state, affect the behavior of gender coalitions and the evolution of gender bias? Economists will not be able to adequately answer this question until they develop a broader research agenda and begin to collect more systematic data on institutional bias, the organization of nonmarket work, and the distribution of resources within the family. engender:. 1. To give rise to. 2. To procreate. American Heritage Dictionary, Third editionGender is now a popular, indeed indispensable, word in the development vocabulary. Most major international organizations, including the United Nations and the World Bank, have special units devoted to research and policy formulation on women's issues. A growing official literature describes the importance of moving from models of "women in development" toward models of "gender and development," signaling a new emphasis on analyzing men's roles as well as women's 2 . A widespread consensus on the benefits of investing in women's education has radically altered public policy in many parts of the world. Yet discussions of gender have remained segregated within special reports or specific policy initiatives, having relatively little impact on the mainstream discourse of development economics.1 Ce texte est imprimé ici avec la permission de la Banque Mondiale et a été publié dans "the annual World Bank Conference on Development" en 1995. En outre, traduit partiellement en français il est édité dans l'ouvrage Nancy Folbre, De la différence des sexes en économie politique, Éditions Des femmes, Paris, 1997, pp. 163-205. 2 The most recent examples of publications by multilateral institutions include World Bank (1994) and Klasen (1993). In addition, both the World Bank and the office of the United Nations Development Program's Human Development Report prepared reports on gender issues for the
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