Objective: Evaluate the validity, reliability, and factorial invariance of the complete Portuguese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and its short version . Methods: A total of 1,162 adults enrolled in the Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara/UNESP participated in the study; 73.1% were women; and the mean age was 40.7 ± 16.3 yr. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis, where χ 2 /df, comparative fit index, goodness of fit index, and root mean square error of approximation were used as indices of goodness of fit. The convergent validity was judged from the average variance extracted and the composite reliability, and the internal consistency was estimated by Cronbach standardized alpha. The stability of the models was evaluated by multigroup analysis in independent samples (test and validation) and between users and nonusers of dental prosthesis. Results: We found best-fitting models for the OHIP-14 and among dental prosthesis users. The convergent validity was below adequate values for the factors "functional limitation" and "physical pain" for the complete version and for the factors "functional limitation" and "psychological discomfort" for the OHIP-14. Values of composite reliability and internal consistency were below adequate in the OHIP-14 for the factors "functional limitation" and "psychological discomfort." We detected strong invariance between test and validation samples of the full version and weak invariance for OHIP-14. The models for users and nonusers of dental prosthesis were not invariant for both versions. Conclusion:The reduced version of the OHIP was parsimonious, reliable, and valid to capture the construct "impact of oral health on quality of life," which was more pronounced in prosthesis users.

BackgroundDespite the consensus regarding the existence of a relationship between “impacts on oral health” and “health-related quality of life”, this relationship, considering the latent nature of these variables, is still poorly investigated. Thus, we performed this study in order to determine the magnitude of the impacts of oral health, demographic and symptom/clinical variables on the health-related quality of life in a Brazilian sample of dental patients.MethodsA total of 1,007 adult subjects enrolled in the School of Dentistry of São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Araraquara Campus for dentistry care between September/2012 and April/2013, participated. 72.4 % were female. The mean age was 45.7 (SD = 12.5) years. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used. The demographic and symptom/clinical variables collected were gender, age, economic status, presence of pain and chronic disease. The impact of studied variables on health-related quality of life were evaluated with a structural equation model, considering the factor “Health” as the central construct. The fit of the model was first analyzed by the evaluation of the goodness of fit indices (χ2/df ≤ 2.0, CFI and TLI ≥ 0.90 and RMSEA < 0.10) and the evaluation of the variables’ impact over health-related quality of life was based on the statistical significance of causal paths (β), evaluated by z tests, for a significance level of 5 %.ResultsWe observed adequate fit of the model to the data (χ2/df = 3.55; CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.05). The impacts on oral health explained 28.0 % of the variability of the health-related quality of life construct, while the total variance explained of the model was 39.0 %. For the demographic and symptom/clinical variables, only age, presence of pain and chronic disease showed significant impacts (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe oral health, age, presence of pain and chronic disease of individuals had significant influence on health-related quality of life.

a b s t r a c tInternet data collection is becoming increasingly popular in all research fields dealing with human perceptions, behaviors and opinions. Advantages of internet data collection, when compared to the traditional paper-and-pencil format, include reduced costs, automatic database creation, and the absence of researcher-related bias effects, such as availability and complete anonymity. However, the validity and reliability of internet gathered data must be established, in comparison to the usual paper-and-pencil accepted formats, before an inferential analysis can be done. In this study, we compared questionnaire data gathered from the internet with that from the traditional paper-and-pencil in a sample of college students. The questionnaires used were the Maslach Burnout Inventory -Student Survey (MBI-SS), the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OBI-SS) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-SS). Data was gathered through a within-subject cross randomized and counterbalanced design, on both internet and paper-and-pencil formats. The results showed no interference in the application order, and a good reliability for both formats. However, concordance between answers was generally higher in the paperand-pencil format than on the internet. The factorial structure was invariant in the three burnout inventories. Data gathered in this study supports the Internet as a convenient, user-friendly, comfortable and secure data gathering method which does not affect the accepted factorial structures existent in the paper format of the three burnout inventories used.

A Síndrome de Burnout caracteriza-se por esgotamento profissional e tem sido relatada em estudantes universitários. O objetivo desse estudo foi estimar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout em estudantes de Odontologia de uma universidade pública e sua relação com características sociodemográficas. Todos os estudantes (n = 300) foram convidados a participar. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach - versão estudantes (MBI-SS). Realizou-se análise das propriedades psicométricas do MBI-SS. Para comparação entre os escores médios das dimensões do Burnout realizou-se Análise de Variância Multivariada (MANOVA) seguida de Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e testes post-hoc de Tukey. Dos 235 participantes, 72,8% eram mulheres e a média de idade era de 21,0 ± 1,8 anos. O MBI-SS mostrou-se confiável e válido. Dos estudantes, 17,0% apresentaram a Síndrome de Burnout. Verificou-se relação significativa entre a Síndrome de Burnout e o desempenho do estudante no curso (F = 4,433, p < 0,001), o consumo de medicação devido aos estudos (F = 7,721, p < 0,001) e o pensamento de desistir do curso (F = 16,168, p < 0,001). Foram mais acometidos aqueles com desempenho ruim no curso, que consomem medicações devido aos estudos e que já pensaram em desistir do curso. Conclui-se que a prevalência da Síndrome entre os estudantes de Odontologia foi alta, sendo significativa a relação entre a Síndrome e o desempenho do estudante no curso, o consumo de medicação devido aos estudos e o pensamento de desistir do curso.

Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with poor physical and mental health. The article aims to assess the changes in the habits of the Brazilian participants engaged in physical activities in relation to their practices, due the measures of social distancing during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020. The secondary objective was to describe their levels of anxiety and depression. The questionnaire used in this online survey included demographic information, questions about self-perceptions of the impact of the COVID-19 in the life routines and the 14-item Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. A total of 1,613 adults completed the questionnaire between May 11 and 15, 2020. Of those, 79.4% reported that the measures to contain the epidemic had any impact on their physical activities, and many had to interrupt or decrease the frequency of their practices. Participants who felt a higher impact of quarantine on their physical activities tend to have higher prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Individuals who practiced physical activities reported that social distance had a high influence on their practices. Furthermore, changes in these habits are associated with high levels of poor mental health.

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Background and objectives The objective of the present study was to investigate the fear of blood, injections and fainting as barriers to blood donation in a sample of primary healthcare users in a Brazilian municipality. Materials and Methods This is a cross‐sectional survey of primary care patients in 12 randomly selected healthcare facilities in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil in 2015–2016. Key variables were lifetime blood donation history, intentions to donate blood among non‐donors and current donation practice. To assess fear of blood in general (FBG), fear of injections in general (FIG) and fear of fainting due to fear of injection (FFI), we used the Blood Injection/Fear Scale (BIFS). We tested associations between variables using regression models and conditional inference trees (CIT). Results A total of 1055 primary healthcare users participated (79·7% female, mean age 40·6 years [SD = 15·2]), 63·4% never donated blood, 13·3% reported they are unable to donate, 6·1% donated only once, 17·2% donated multiple times. Women had higher scores for FIG and FBG. FFI was associated with middle socioeconomic status. Those who never intended to donate exhibited the highest scores in the three dimension of fear. By CIT analysis, being female and high scores for FBG are associated with decreased blood donation. Among males, blood donation frequency is low among those aged 33 years and under. Conclusion Fear of blood, injections and fainting are barriers to blood donation in Brazil. Efforts to recruit and retain blood donors should convey information on blood donation processes and address misconceptions that may increase fear.

The aim of this study was to estimate the reliability, validity and factorial invariance of the Portuguese version of the Geriatric/ General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) as applied to Brazilian women. A total 701 women over 18 years of age participated in this study. Telephone interviews were conducted. We evaluated the construct-related validity through factorial, convergent and discriminant validity. We carried out a confirmatory factor analysis using the χ 2 /df, CFI, GFI and RMSEA indexes. The invariance of the model in a second independent sample was estimated by multi-group analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Items 5 and 9 presented factor weights below the adequate value and were removed. The three-dimensional and unifactorial model presented an adequate fit. We observed strong factorial invariance of the models in two independent samples (three-factor: ρλ = 0.62; pCov = 0.89, one-factor: ρλ = 0.81; pCov = 0.68) and weak factorial invariance between users and nonusers of dental prosthetics (threefactor: ρλ = 0.55; pCov = 0.01, one-factor: ρλ = 0.51; pCov = 0.02). The convergent validity was suboptimal. Internal consistency was adequate. The GOHAI applied to the study sample showed adequate reliability, factorial validity and stability in independent samples and between users and nonusers of dental prosthetics in both the threedimensional and the unifactorial structures.