RNA 3 of rice hoja blanca tenuivirus (RHBV) has 2299 nucleotides and resembles RNA 3 of other tenuiviruses such as maize stripe (MStV) American strain of the Asian RSt¥. The intergenic region resembles those of other tenuiviruses, being rich in A and U residues, but its predicted folding pattern is unlike those of other tenuiviruses. Instead, the predicted folding of the intergenic region was indistinguishable from that of the coding regions and there was no evidence for a distinct hairpin-loop structure. The significance to the evolution of tenuiviruses of the similarities that the two proteins have with their analogues in other tenuiviruses is discussed.
The polymorphisms rs3758391 and rs1800470 located in SIRT1 and TGF-β1 have been associated with type 2 diabetes in different populations but its functional effect is not clear. In this study, we evaluated their effect on the expression of SIRT1 and TGF-β1 in peripheral blood as well as their participation in the formation of DNAprotein complexes in a pancreas-derived cell line. It has been described that SIRT1 and TGF-β1 participate in cell growth and regulation of production and secretion of insulin in the pancreas. Anthropometric and biochemical profiles of 127 adults were measured. Genotypes for rs3758391 and rs1800470 were determined using TaqMan assays. Expression analysis of SIRT1 and TGF-β1 were performed using real-time PCR. Gene expression of these genes increased 1.8 ± 0.6-and 1.3 ± 0.6-fold in patients carrying the TT genotype of rs3758391 and rs1800470 when compared to carriers of the CC genotype. Then, we tested whether these single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (and rs932658, which is in linkage disequilibrium with rs3758391) are located in regulatory DNA-protein binding sites by electrophoretic mobility shift assays using nuclear extract from the pancreas-derived cell line BxPC-3. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed no binding of nuclear proteins to DNA. In conclusion, the genotypes of rs3758391 and rs1800470 are associated with modifications in the expression of the genes SIRT1 and TGF-β1, respectively, but none of the tested SNPs are located in regulatory DNA-protein binding sites.
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