Aim:To compare the tensile bond strength (TBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of three flowable resin-based composites and three orthodontic adhesive systems for metal bracket bonding.
Methods and Materials: Sixty bovine incisorswere randomly divided into six groups. Enamel surfaces were etched with 37 percent phosphoric acid for 30 seconds and stainless steel orthodontic brackets were bonded using either flowable resinbased composites (3M Flow, FL; Tetric Flow, TF; and Wave, WA) or orthodontic bonding systems (Transbond XT, TX; Concise Orthodontic, CO; Fill Magic Ortodôntico, FM). All specimens were thermal cycled and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, after which they were subsequently tested for TBS using a universal testing machine. ARI scores were determined after the failure of brackets. TBS and ARI data were submitted to ANOVA, Tukey, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p=0.05), respectively.Results: Rankings of the resin-based composites based on TBS means (MPa) were TX (6.4±2.1), followed by CO (4.5±2.7), FM (3.7±1.2), FL (3.6±1.2), TF (3.3±1.2), and WA (2.4±0.6). CO exhibited the lowest ARI mean score (0.9±1.2) which was significantly different from the other five materials: TX (2.8±0.42), FM (2.8±0.42), FL (2.9±0.32), TF (2.9±0.32), and WA (3.0±0.01). However, there were no statistically significant differences among the other groups with mean scores of 2.8-3.0. A score of 3.0 indicated that all the resin remained bonded to the tooth surface.
Conclusions:The flowable resin-based composites tested (Fl, TF, and WA) used to bond metal orthodontic brackets to bovine enamel had low mean TBS values but acceptable ARI mean scores.Clinical Significance: Flowable composites may not be appropriate for bracket bonding, unless the teeth to be bonded are not subjected to higher orthodontic stresses, such as those without an antagonist.
DEDICATÓRIAPara minha família, sobretudo para meus pais e para Camille e Janice.
Alguns nomes permanecem, Célio Garcia Jeferson Machado PintoMíriam Debieux Rosa pois, mesmo compondo uma série, como todos os nomes compõem, conseguem deixar nela sua marca singular.
AGRADECIMENTOSÀ minha família, que soube tolerar o isolamento necessário à realização de uma pesquisa e tentou contribuir na sua elaboração, sobretudo Janice e Camille.À minha orientadora, Profa. Míriam Debieux Rosa, que aceitou o desafio desta pesquisa e conseguiu unir a árdua tarefa da orientação ao constante incentivo ao trabalho, sempre com disponibilidade e humor.A PUC Minas, que incentivou essa pesquisa com licença remunerada de três anos por meio do Gerais, and taken care of by the reseacher himself, were studied, taking into consideration his insertion in the institution as a judicial psychologist. The criterion for the choice of the cases was the presence of instituted family conflict in which it was intended an intervention based upon analythical listening. The conclusion was for the possibility of intervention in some cases inside the limits imposed by the institution and by the place the psychoanalist may occupy in the interface of these discourses.
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