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Buckwheat crop improvement by breeding has been taking place over the past 100 years or more. During this time there has been improvements in many desirable agronomic characteristics which has resulted in higher yields in many of the breeding programs. Phenotypic modifications, such as dwarf, semi-dwarf and branching have been reported. There has also been an effort to increase flower number as this has been shown in cross pollinating buckwheat, to increase yields. Flower cluster modifications and their effects on yield have also been studied. Increased reports on the discovery of buckwheat wild species have been reported from several programs with many interspecific crosses having taken place. Several of these crosses were performed with Fagopyrum esculentum in efforts to increase variability which can be used to increase yield potential as well as to obtain increased nutritional components.  More recent efforts have focused on the development of self-pollinating buckwheat, both from introgression of genes from Fagopyrum homotropicum as well as from mutations in cross pollinating buckwheat. The main problem has been in breeding depression which has occurred in many of the reported attempts. However, high yielding homomorphic, self-pollinating varieties have been developed and are now in commercial production. There is now emphasis being placed on many of the nutritional aspects of buckwheat flour as well as value added components. It is expected that this will increase over time.  Key words: Buckwheat breeding, homomorphic, autogamous buckwheat.   Izvleček Žlahtnjenje ajde poteka že več kot 100 let. V tem času je bila dosežena izboljšava željenih agronomskih lastnosti, kar je pri mnogih programih žlahtnjenja omogočilo večje pridelke. Raziskovalci poročajo o fenotipskih modifikacijah, kot je pritlikava ali pol-pritlikava rast in razvejanje. Za povečanje pridelka so bile raziskane modifikacije socvetij. Število poročil o odkritjih divjih sorodnikov ajde in o mnogih medvrstnih križanjih se je v zadnjem času povečalo. V mnoga od teh križanj je bila vključena navadna ajda (Fagopyrum esculentum), da bi povečali  variabilnost, kar bi lahko omogočilo povečanje pridelka in izboljšanje prehranskih lastnosti. Novejša prizadevanja so se osredotočila na razvoj samooplodnosti pri ajdi, z vključitvijo genov vrste Fagopyrum homotropicum, kot tudi mutacij pri ajdi, ki se je opraševala navzkrižno.  Pri tem je bila glavna težava preseči  depresijo zaradi samooploditev, depresija se je pojavila pri večih poskusih samooploditve. Ne glede na to je uspelo dobiti visokorodne homomorfne samooplodne sorte za ponudbo na trgu semen. Sedaj se prizadevanja usmerjajo k izboljšanju prehranske vrednosti ajde in pomembnih sestavin v ajdovi moki. Pričakovati je, da se bo pomen prehranske vrednosti ajde sčasoma še povečeval. Ključne besede: žlahtnjenje ajde, homomorfnost, samo­oplodna ajda

Fresh-cut cucumber slices were stored at 10 and 20 °C in high CO2 controlled atmospheres (5%, 10%, and 20%) or in MAP of OPP non-perforated and perforated with 50 micro m pores (P-plus) films. In CA storage, respiration rates and surface yellowing of slices were reduced by high CO2 atmospheres at 10°C, but increased with increasing CO2 levels at 20 °C. Counts of mesophiles, psychrotrophs and coliform group on slices stored at 10 °C were not affected by high CO2, except lactic acid bacteria, which the counts increased when stored in 20% CO2. At 20°C, all bacterial counts were higher with slices in 10% or 20% CO2 than those in air or 5% CO2. For MAP study, the used films were non-perforated OPP films (1170 mL/m2/day/atm, O2 permeability) and P-plus films having high (51000 and 74000 mL/m2/day/atm for storage at 10 and 20 °C, respectively) and low (17000 and 51000 mL/m2/day/atm for storage at 10 and 20 °C, respectively) O2 permeability. Cucumber slices were stored in MAP for 7 days at 10 °C and 2 days at 20 °C. The CO2 accumulated to 17.5% and 30% and O2 depleted to 2.5 and 3% at 10 and 20°C, respectively, in the non-perforated OPP film packages. Ethylene accumulated only in non-perforated OPP films at both temperatures. Growth of coliform group at 20 °C and lactic acid bacteria at 10 and 20 °C was greater in slices packaged in non-perforated OPP films than in P-plus films, while growth of mesophiles and psychrotrophs was similar in any packaging films. At the end of storage period, the bacteria isolated frequently from cucumber slices were Enterobacteriaceae and plant pathogenic bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria such as Leuconostoc citreum were detected on slices in non-perforated OPP films.

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