The present investigation was carried out to study the performance of Tomato (cv: All rounder) under both polyhouse and open condition with different plastic mulches. This experiment was conducted at Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi during the period from December 2012 to May 2013. The highest soil temperature was recorded under transparent mulch followed by silver black, black and no mulch plot during 52 to 10th standard meteorological week (December to mid March) . It was found to be higher by about 1 to 10ºC as compared to no mulch plot inside and outside the polyhouse. After 10th week, soil temperature was found 2 to 4ºC higher under no mulch plot as compared to transparent mulch under polyhouse. But there was no definite pattern observed under mulched or no mulched conditions either at in open field conditions. Highest yield (73.9tha-1 ) was obtained under the black mulch within the polyhouse,the corresponding value being 37.3 tha-1 for black mulch outside the polyhouse.
The current study used satellite imagery datasets to extract various morphometric parameters in a geospatial environment to prioritize the problematic areas in the Rarhu watershed of Ranchi district, Jharkhand, India. Two decision-making methods, AHP and VIKOR, were integrated for prioritizing different sub-watershed. The Rarhu watershed has an area of 630 km2 with an elevation ranging from 824 to 210 m. NASADEM was used to extract drainage networks which were verified from Survey of India (SOI) toposheets. To prioritize 21 sub-watersheds using the MCDM method, 11 morphometric parameters were selected from linear, areal, and relief parameters. The VIKOR method prioritized sub-watersheds using AHP criteria weights, which are classified into four priority levels ranging from very high to low. In addition, performing sensitivity analysis validated the robustness of the decision-making model. As per the analysis, Rarhu watershed has an elongated shape and the highest 6th order stream with a dendritic pattern of streams. Nearly 36.17% of the area is more vulnerable with very high priority. Using the results of the study, policymakers, watershed planners, watershed development programme, and soil and water conservation programme can identify vulnerable sub-watersheds that require urgent adaptation of soil and water management control measures.
The knowledge of crop water requirement and Irrigation scheduling is an important practical consideration for designing and managing an irrigation system. A field study was conducted to find out the irrigation scheduling of Mustard crop by Climatological method and its comparison with CROPWAT model from rainwater harvested through plastic lined pond during the year 2018-19 at PFDC-PET farm of the BAU Ranchi Jharkhand. Through pan evaporation method, total Crop water requirement was estimated 323.23 mm out of which 300 mm water was given through irrigation. Irrigation was scheduled through climatological method with IW/CPE ratio 0.9 and depth of irrigation kept at 6cm through five irrigations at 22, 42, 63, 82, and 93 DAS. Total yield obtained through climatological method was 922 kg/ha. The irrigation scheduling and net irrigation requirement were compared with CROPWAT model, based on climatic data, crop data and soil data of the region. Total gross irrigation requirement through the CROPWAT model was 252.2mm with total four irrigations at 36, 52, 68, 80 DAS and yield was 1162 kg/ha. So, for better water use efficiency CROPWAT model can be used in the region.
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