The current study used satellite imagery datasets to extract various morphometric parameters in a geospatial environment to prioritize the problematic areas in the Rarhu watershed of Ranchi district, Jharkhand, India. Two decision-making methods, AHP and VIKOR, were integrated for prioritizing different sub-watershed. The Rarhu watershed has an area of 630 km2 with an elevation ranging from 824 to 210 m. NASADEM was used to extract drainage networks which were verified from Survey of India (SOI) toposheets. To prioritize 21 sub-watersheds using the MCDM method, 11 morphometric parameters were selected from linear, areal, and relief parameters. The VIKOR method prioritized sub-watersheds using AHP criteria weights, which are classified into four priority levels ranging from very high to low. In addition, performing sensitivity analysis validated the robustness of the decision-making model. As per the analysis, Rarhu watershed has an elongated shape and the highest 6th order stream with a dendritic pattern of streams. Nearly 36.17% of the area is more vulnerable with very high priority. Using the results of the study, policymakers, watershed planners, watershed development programme, and soil and water conservation programme can identify vulnerable sub-watersheds that require urgent adaptation of soil and water management control measures.
The knowledge of crop water requirement and Irrigation scheduling is an important practical consideration for designing and managing an irrigation system. A field study was conducted to find out the irrigation scheduling of Mustard crop by Climatological method and its comparison with CROPWAT model from rainwater harvested through plastic lined pond during the year 2018-19 at PFDC-PET farm of the BAU Ranchi Jharkhand. Through pan evaporation method, total Crop water requirement was estimated 323.23 mm out of which 300 mm water was given through irrigation. Irrigation was scheduled through climatological method with IW/CPE ratio 0.9 and depth of irrigation kept at 6cm through five irrigations at 22, 42, 63, 82, and 93 DAS. Total yield obtained through climatological method was 922 kg/ha. The irrigation scheduling and net irrigation requirement were compared with CROPWAT model, based on climatic data, crop data and soil data of the region. Total gross irrigation requirement through the CROPWAT model was 252.2mm with total four irrigations at 36, 52, 68, 80 DAS and yield was 1162 kg/ha. So, for better water use efficiency CROPWAT model can be used in the region.
Long-term tillage and fertilizer experiments were conducted in rice in kharif followed by lentil in dry subhumid Inceptisols at Varanasi and Faizabad; horse gram at Phulbani and linseed at Ranchi in moist subhumid Alfisols in rabi during 2001 to 2010. The study was conducted to assess the effect of conventional tillage (CT), low tillage + interculture (LT1) and low tillage + herbicide (LT2) together with 100% N (organic) (F1), 50% N (organic) + 50% N (inorganic) (F2) and 100% N (inorganic) (F3) on productivity, profitability, rainwater and energy use efficiencies. The results at Varanasi revealed that CT was superior with mean yield of 2389 kg ha −1 , while F1 was superior with 2378 kg ha −1 in rice. At Faizabad, CT was superior with mean rice yield of 1851 kg ha −1 and lentil yield of 977 kg ha −1 , while F1 was superior with 1704 and 993 kg ha −1 of rice and lentil, respectively. At Phulbani, F2 was superior with rice yield of 1170 kg ha −1 . At Ranchi, F2 with rice yield of 986 kg ha −1 and F3 with linseed yield of 224 kg ha −1 were superior. The regression model of crop seasonal rainfall and yield deviations indicated an increasing trend in rice yield over mean (positive deviation) with increase in rainfall at all locations; while a decreasing trend (negative deviation) was found for lentil at Faizabad, horse gram at Phulbani and linseed at Ranchi. Based on economic analysis, CTF1 at Varanasi and Faizabad, CTF2 at Phulbani and LT2F2 at Ranchi were superior.
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