This study investigates the coordination of pricing and inventory replenishment under retail competition. Although conventional wisdom suggests that a retailer follow conservative operating strategies when the competing retailer adopts a markdown strategy, the retailer may actually raise its price (order) if its operational costs are sufficiently high (low) and its competitor's price is relatively low. If the retailer is more risk averse, its pricing and replenishment decisions hinge highly on its risk aversion level and its competitor's current price. The increase of the wholesale price always hurts the retailers and may even hurt the manufacturer if it is exorbitant.
This paper aims to disclose the reliability of driving behaviour in road traffic system. For this purpose, the drivers' electroencephalography (EEG) signals were collected with Emotiv, a portable device, and used for an experiment in actual driving environment. Through the analysis on the synchronization of 14-channel EGG signals, the author identified a proper threshold, and determined whether the brain network nodes are connected or not. On this basis, a brain network model was created for the drivers. The driving behaviour reliability of the drivers was discussed in detailed considering brain network parameters (clustering coefficient and global efficiency) and the power spectrum features of EEG signals. The research results show that, with the increase in driving time, the intercity drivers became increasingly fatigued and their brain network continued to densify, pushing up the network parameters like clustering coefficient and global efficiency. In this case, the neuronal activities became increasingly synchronized across the brain regions. In addition, the two brain network parameters of the drivers were less discrete and more accurate than the fatigue indicator of EEG power spectrum features. Therefore, the analysis of brain network parameters is a precise and feasible method for discussing driving behaviour reliability.
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