The Situation Of Morningglory (Ipomoea spp.) and Field Bindweed (Convolvulus spp.) Species And Their Frequency And Density In The Agricultural Areas Of The Mediterranean Region * 6. Uluslararası multidisipliner çalışmaları kongresinde özet olarak yayınlanmıştır. ÖZ Amaç: Ipomoea spp. ve Convolvulus spp. Convolvulaceae familyasına ait bitkilerden olup, tek veya çok yıllık olarak dünyada yaygın olarak bulunan istilacı yabancı otlardandır. Pek çok kültür bitkisinde sorun olan ve günümüzde istilacı özelliği ile ön plana çıkan Ipomoea ve Convolvulus türlerinin, yaygınlık ve yoğunluklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla Akdeniz bölgesinde sürvey çalışması yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Akdeniz bölgesinde bulunan Antalya, Adana, Mersin, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş ve Osmaniye illerinde yapılan sürveylerde, her bir il merkezi başlangıç kabul edilmiştir. Sürveyler sırasında her 10 km'de bir rastlantısal olarak durulmuştur. Her bir örnekleme noktasına 1m 2 'lik çerçeveden tesadüfi olarak 5 kez atılarak yabancı ot türlerinin sayımları yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Akdeniz bölgesi genelinde Convolvulaceae familyasından Convolvulus cinsine ait 5 ve Ipomoea cinsine ait 3 olmak üzere 8 yabancı ot türü belirlenmiştir. Bunların türleri, yaygınlık (%) ve yoğunlukları (adet/m 2 ), sırasıyla, Convolvulus arvensis L. (52.32 ve 0.57), Convolvulus scammonia L. (0.86 ve >0.01), Convolvulus stachydifolius Coisy (0.69 ve 0.01), Convolvulus betonicifolius Mill. (0.52 ve >0.01),Convolvulus galaticus Roston. ex Choisy (0.17 ve >0.01), Ipomoea triloba L. (9.12 ve 0.13), Ipomoea hederacea (Linn) Jacq. (3.44 ve 0.02) ve Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. (1.20 ve 0.01)'dır. Sonuç: Akdeniz bölgesi genelinde Convolvulus arvensis ve Ipomoea triloba yaygınlık ve yoğunluğu en yüksek olan türler olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Research on the germination biology of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) and three-lobe morning glory (Ipomoea triloba L.) Tarla sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis L.) ve pembe çiçekli akşam sefası (Ipomoea triloba L.
This study was carried out under field conditions in Adana, Turkey in 2018 and 2019 to determine the critical period for weed control in sunflower depending on the daily growth temperature (GDD) and weed species. A log-logistic model with four parameters was used to determine the relationship between relative crop yield and both increased weed intervention time and length of weed-free periods. In addition, dominant weeds and weed densities were determined in the experimental area. Data obtained from different periods of weed intervention were compared with data obtained from seasonal weed-free plots. During the sunflower growing season, 37.4% – 41.04% yield loss was determined in sunflower due to weed competition. For 5% acceptable yield loss in the first year, the critical period in weed control was determined as 243-1181 GDD; this is 24-86 days after the crop emergence (DAE) . It was found between 269 and 1409 GDD (16-72 DAE) in the second year. In sunflower, it was determined that the removal of weeds from the plot in the weed-free period started within 2-3 weeks from the emergence and continued for 10-12 weeks. These findings may help sunflower growers to plan and implement cost-effective and appropriate weed control programs.
Hoeing time is important in weed management and is effective to reduce weed populations in sunflower cultivation. The study was conducted between 2018-2019 to determine the hoeing times for mechanical weed control in sunflower in Adana province of Turkey. To determine weed control time in experimental fields, weeds were allowed to germinate in natural conditions at intervals between 15 days for mechanical hoeing at the emergence of sunflower to the harvest time. The interactions between weeds and sunflower yield criteria were observed by periodic hoeing treatments. At the end of the experiments, the criteria for sunflower yield, seed yield, oil content, oil quality, head diameter, plant height, weed biomass, and coverages of hoeing time effects were determined.Combining the two-year data, it was observed that the sunflower yield and seed yield were the highest in plots of 75 and 90 days weed-free, while the lowest yield and seed yield were observed in 60, 75, and 90 days weedy. It was determined that the sunflower oil yield was higher in plots of long hoeing period time, but the oil quality did not change. It was found that sunflower height were statistically similar for each year in different hoeing period times, moreover, sunflower head diameter was not affected. In weedy plots with shorter hoeing times, higher weed biomass due to increased weed coverage was noted. As a result, it was determined that long-term hoeing in sunflower weed management increases the yield, and hoeing time is significant in sunflower weed management.
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