[Purpose] The aim of this study was to find biochemical markers related to low bone mineral
density in Korean adults. [Subjects and Methods] From August 1 to September 15, 2013,
subjects receiving medical checkups were classified as lumbar spine bone normal,
osteopenic, or osteoporotic using a bone mineral densitometer. Next, age, body mass index,
and biochemical parameter differences were compared among the three groups.
[Results] The results revealed that, the relevant factors were maximum
blood pressure, minimum blood pressure, bone mineral density, total bilirubin, alkaline
phosphatase (ALP), fasting blood glucose, iron, neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.
The bone mineral density of patients with osteoporosis was 0.763 times lower than that of
normal subjects. The total bilirubin level of patients with osteoporosis was 0.45 times
lower than that of normal subjects. The alkaline phosphatase level of patients with
osteopenia was 1.059 times higher than that of normal subjects, and that in patients with
osteoporosis was 1.088 times higher than that in normal subjects. The fasting blood
glucose level of patients with osteoporosis was 0.963 times lower than that of normal
subjects. The iron level of patients with osteoporosis was 0.986 times lower than that of
normal subjects. [Conclusion] In conclusion, osteoporosis is a representative disease in
elderly women due to aging and menopause, and more active interest should be taken for
prevention and treatment.
The snake robot has advantages of high transverse force and intuitive control. This new robot may be clinically superior to conventional tools for transanal NOTES.
Serious problems in reclaimed land agriculture are high soil salinity and poor vertical drainage, so desalinization in these soils is very difficult. Also, although desalinization is accomplished in reclaimed top soils, before long, soils are resalinized according to capillary rise of salts from the subsurface soils. To resolve these problems, multi-layered soil columns with subsurface layer of macroporous medium utilizing coal bottom ash (CBA) were constructed and the effects of blocked resalinization of these soils were investigated. In this experiment soil samples were collected from Munpo series (coarse-loamy, nonacid, mixed, mesic, typic Fluvaquents). The soil texture was silt loam and the EC was 33.9 dS m
Scope: Garcinia cambogia (G. cambogia) is known to have antiobesity effects. In this study, the therapeutic effects of G. cambogia on glucose homeostasis in obesity-induced diabetes are explored and the underlying mechanisms are investigated. Methods and results: C2C12 myotubes are treated with G. cambogia; glucose uptake, intracellular Ca 2+ levels, and related alterations in signaling pathways are examined. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice are administered G. cambogia for 8 weeks; oral glucose tolerance is evaluated, and the regulation of identified targets of signaling pathways in quadriceps skeletal muscle are examined in vivo. G. cambogia increases glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and induces the upregulation of AMPK, ACC, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Notably, G. cambogia markedly elevates both intracellular Ca 2+ levels, activating CaMKII, a Ca 2+ -sensing protein, and TBC1D4-mediated GLUT4 translocation, to facilitate glucose uptake. Furthermore, high-glucose-induced inhibition of glucose uptake and signal transduction is reverted by G. cambogia. In an HFD-induced diabetes mouse model, G. cambogia administration results in significant blood glucose-lowering effects, which are attributed to the regulation of targets that have been identified in vitro, in quadricep skeletal muscle. Conclusion: These findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which G. cambogia regulates glucose homeostasis in obesity-induced diabetes.
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