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Curcumin (CUR), a bioactive component of turmeric, which is a commonly used spice and nutritional supplement, is isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn. (Zingiberaceae). In recent years, the potential pharmacological actions of CUR in inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease and neurological disorders have been shown. However, the clinical application of CUR is severely limited by its main drawbacks such as instability, low solubility, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism. Multifarious nanotechnology-based delivery approaches have been used to enhance the oral bioavailability, biological activity or tissue-targeting ability of CUR. This article reviews potential novel drug delivery systems for CUR including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, micelles, nanogels, nanosuspensions, nanoemulsions, complexes and dendrimer/dimer, which provide promising results for CUR to improve its biological activities.

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A simple route is presented for the fabrication of a magnetic b-cyclodextrin/graphene oxide nanocomposite (MCGN). The characteristic results of FTIR, SEM, TEM, VSM and XRD showed that MCGN was prepared. The large saturation magnetization (50.13 emu g À1 ) of the synthesized nanoparticles allows fast separation of the MCGN from liquid suspension. The MCGN demonstrates extremely fast Cr-removal from wastewater with a high removal efficiency within 60 min. The adsorption kinetic data were best described by a pseudo-second-order model. The Cr-removal capability is more than 120 mg g À1 , which is much higher than the previously reported values of other nanomaterials, as Cr-removal adsorbents. The MCGN was stable and easily recovered. The adsorption isotherms were investigated, and indicate that the equilibrium adsorptions are well-described by the Langmuir isotherm mode. The MCGN could be a good candidate for efficient Cr-removal from wastewater and for the deep-purification of polluted water.

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