Abstrak Perencanaan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia kesehatan (SDMK) berdasarkan Permenkes No. 33 Tahun 2015 tentang Pedoman Penyusunan Rencana Kebutuhan SDMK, belum berjalan baik. Tujuan studi ini adalah menilai kegiatan perencanaan kebutuhan SDMK yang berbasis bukti di kabupaten/kota. Berdasarkan temuan yang diperoleh dalam studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan kebijakan dalam proses perencanaan kebutuhan SDMK. Metode kajian ini berupa studi literatur terhadap luaran Riset Ketenagaan di Bidang Kesehatan (Risnakes), hasil-hasil penelitian yang relevan, kepustakaan dan dokumen-dokumen terkait perencanaan SDMK, baik di tingkat nasional maupun daerah. Analisis data dari hasil studi literatur dibuat menggunakan tematik analisis. Pengembangan subtema yang ditetapkan dalam tematik analisis difokuskan untuk menggali permasalahan pada aspek input, proses, dan output dari pelaksanaan perencanaan kebutuhan SDMK pada kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan, permasalahan perencanaan kebutuhan SDMK pada input meliputi kebijakan pemerintah daerah dan manajemen ASN yang kompleks, kompetensi tenaga perencana yang rendah, dukungan pembiayaan yang minim, serta pemanfaatan data dan sistem informasi yang belum optimal. Permasalahan pada proses mencakup belum dipahami dan dilaksanakannya penyusunan kebutuhan SDMK secara tepat. Permasalahan pada output adalah kesenjangan SDMK terkait kecukupan jumlah dan jenis tenaga kesehatan di tingkat kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Menyikapi hal tersebut, pemerintah daerah sebaiknya melakukan perencanaan kebutuhan SDMK berbasis bukti, sehingga dokumen perencanaan mampu memproyeksikan kebutuhan SDMK yang sesuai dengan situasi kesehatan terkini. Kata kunci: SDM Kesehatan (SDMK); perencanaan SDMK, kebutuhan SDMK Abstract Planning for human health resources (HRK) based on Permenkes No. 33 of 2015 concerning Guidelines for the Preparation of HRH Needs Plans, has not gone well. The purpose of this study is to assess the evidence-based HR planning activities in the district / city. Based on the findings obtained in this study it is expected to be a policy input in the HRH needs planning process. The method of this study is in the form of a literature study of Workforce Research on Health Sector (Risnakes), relevance research results, literature and documents related to HRH planning both at national and regional levels. Data analysis of the results of the literature study was made using thematic analysis. The development of subthemes set in the thematic analysis is focused on exploring issues in the aspects of input, process, and output from the implementation of HRH needs planning in districts / cities in Indonesia. The results of the study show that HRK needs planning problems in the input include complex regional government and ASN management policies, low competency of planning personnel and lack of financial support and lack of optimal use of data and information systems. Problems in the process include not yet understood and implemented the preparation of HRH needs appropriately. The problem with outputs is the gap in HRH related to the adequacy of the number and type of health workers at the municipal district level in Indonesia. In response to this, local governments should plan evidence-based HRH planning, so that planning documents are able to project HRH needs in accordance with the current health situation. Keywords: Human Resources for Health (HRH), HRH planning, HRH Need
Background: The success of COVID-19 control in Indonesia comes to place with active community participation. Community's role in supporting the successful implementation of COVID-19 policy is critical to investigate. This study, therefore, aimed to determine community’s role in supporting the successful implementation of COVID-19 control policies.Method: This study is exploratory research with a cross-sectional approach. Seven Indonesian regencies as research locations were selected purposively. Quantitative data were collected from 2,010 positive-COVID-19 patients and their close contacts through a standardized self-administered questionnaire. In-depth interviews were employed with 79 health center officers. Content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data, and descriptive analysis was for the quantitative data. Results: This study had a relatively balanced gender distribution. There were 26.9% at age of 6-19 years, and 80.9% were in close contact with COVID-19 patients. Most respondents were from primary health care centers, had a bachelor's degree, and had worked for less than five years. Their adherence to health protocols was lower than the group that was not exposed to COVID-19. Most respondents followed health protocols such as hygiene (92.9 %) and cough etiquette (91.5 %). However, COVID-19 quarantine compliance was still low (38.2%), and 90.8% of respondents mostly practiced self-isolation at home. COVID-19 control strategies in each region quite varied. A lack of public awareness and education, flexibility in policy implementation, and a poor reward and punishment system were barriers to COVID-19 control. The community's role in supporting COVID-19 control policies includes helping to communicate COVID-19 risks, assisting healthcare centers in monitoring COVID-19 self-isolation, providing and operating integrated isolation shelters for confirmed cases, and participating as a case tracer.
Health services still have to deal with high turnover of health worker as a common issue in developing countries. Generally, the retention problem has a significant impact on continuing adequate health care to people especially in remote areas. For that reason, The Nusantara Sehat became the government's priority program to fulfill the health worker needs in boundary areas nowadays. Since 2017, the program has individual nusantara sehat (ISN) assignment as an additional scheme beside the team based approach to fulfill the national health worker standard in primary health care. Therefore, it was necessary to provide an overview of the retention of INS assignment as an affirmative program in remote areas in Indonesia. The research was performed to explore the relationship between job satisfaction and retention of the INS personnel. The research was conducted a quantitative methods. Electronic questionnaires were distributed to individual nusantara sehat at December 2018. Total 444 questionnaires was returned in the survey and answered completely. The research found that 88.3% of the INS personnel reported as good retention and 44.4% of respondents had high job satisfaction. The Chi-squares test showed the significant relationship between the INS personnel's retention and job satisfaction (p value=0.001, OR=3.09). The study identified the crucial satisfier factors were related to socio-cultural situation. In the other hand, organizational conditions were considered as the important dissatisfied factors to health workers retention. Thus, it was important to develop the health workers' management scheme based on their location condition and basic supporting needs. The specific approach according the regional characteristics need to be applied to retain the health worker retention and satisfaction in remote areas. The government also needs to setting up the remote areas-oriented health education initiatives.
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