Natural killer (NK) cells were assessed in patients with hyperthyroxinemia due to Graves' disease or treatment with thyroxine (T4). Cytolytic activity was measured with 5ICr-labeled K562 tumor cells and NK enumeration was by flow cytometry using NKH-1 monoclonal antibody to identify the relevant surface marker. Activity was uniformly decreased in association with hyperthyroxinemia, regardless of the underlying pathology; however, there was no reduction in the number of NKH-1' cells.
Background/Aim. For successful endodontic therapy, it is necessary to know root morphology. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze root canal morphology and root canal length of permanent molars in a Serbian population, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. The study included a total of 305 maxillary molars, and 280 mandibular molars receiving cone-beam computed tomography examination and determined root numbers, canal morphology according to Vertucci classification, and canal lengths. Results were correlated with sex and tooth location in the jaw. Results. The mesiobuccal roots of first maxillary molars showed Vertucci type I in 45.7%, followed by type II in 29% of cases. For the second molar, Vertucci type I was found in 60.5% of cases in mesiobuccal canals. Palatal and distobuccal canals mostly presented Vertucci type I configuration. The mesial roots of mandibular molars had the highest frequency of two canals with Vertucci type IV as the most frequent for the first molar, and Vertucci type II for the second molar. Distal roots most commonly had one canal in both molars. Palatal canal length was the highest in maxillary first molars, with the mean value of 20.62 mm, while in second molars, the highest length value was for the mesiobuccal canal (20.09 mm). In both mandibular molars the mesial root canal was the longest one. Differences were found according to sex and tooth location in the jaw. Conclusion. Mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars had two canals; it was more frequently compared to second molars. Mesial roots of mandibular molars showed same frequency of two canals, and diversity in Vertucci types. Male patients tended to have higher complexity of root canal morphology compared to that of females. CBCT can improve understanding of the root canal morphology.
Reconstruction of jaw bone defects present a significant problem because of specific aesthetic and functional requirements. Although widely used, the transplantation of standard autograft and allograft materials is still associated with significant constraints. Composite scaffolds, combining advantages of biodegradable polymers with bioceramics, have potential to overcome limitations of standard grafts. Polyethyleneimine could be an interesting novel biocompatible polymer for scaffold construction due to its biocompatibility and chemical structure. To date, there have been no in vivo studies assessing biological properties of hydroxyapatite bioceramics scaffold modified with polyethyleneimine. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo effects of composite scaffolds of hydroxyapatite ceramics and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and novel polyethyleneimine on bone repair in swine’s mandibular defects, and to compare them to conventional bone allograft (BioOss). Scaffolds were prepared using the method of polymer foam template in three steps. Pigs, 3 months old, were used and defects were made in the canine, premolar, and molar area of their mandibles. Four months following the surgical procedure, the bone was analyzed using radiological, histological, and gene expression techniques. Hydroxyapatite ceramics/polyethyleneimine composite scaffold demonstrated improved biological behavior compared to conventional allograft in treatment of swine’s mandibular defects, in terms of bone density and bone tissue histological characteristics.
Th e aim of this study is to describe the morphological characteristics, the number of roots and number of root canals of mandibular central incisors, lateral incisors and canines, and the relationship of these characteristics with the sex and the jaw side where the tooth is located, in the Serbian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).CBCT images of a total of 902 mandible front teeth, including 296 central incisors, 294 lateral incisors and 312 canines were analyzed in the database. For assessing the morphology of the root canal, Vertucci method of classifi cation was used.Central incisors had two canals in 27%, similar as lateral incisor which had two canals in 26.5%. Mandibular canines had two canals in 7.1% and there was a signifi cant diff erence between genders. Th e most prevalent root canal confi guration type in all mandibular anterior teeth was type I. In the groups of mandibular incisors with two root canals the most common was type III. In the group of mandibular canines with two root canals, type V had the greatest occurrence.Most mandibular anterior teeth had one root canal. Two root canals were found in 27% of the mandibular incisors. Th ere is a signifi cant diff erence in root morphology between genders. It is important for dental practitioner to expect different morphological variations when performing endodontic treatment. More studies are needed to further defi ne morphological characteristics of roots of mandibular anterior teeth in Serbian population. SAŽETAKCilj ove studije je da koristeći komjuterizovanu tomografi ju konusnog zraka (CBCT) opiše morfološke karakteristike, broj korena i korenskih kanala centralnih i lateralnih sekutića i očnjaka donje vilice u srpskoj populaciji, kao i da utvrdi korelaciju ovih karakteristika sa polom i stranom vilice u kojoj je zub lokalizovan.CBCT snimci 902 prednja zuba donje vilice, uključujući 296 centralnih i 294 lateralnih sekutića i 312 očnjaka su analizirani iz baze podataka. Za procenu mofologije korenskog kanala upotrebljen je Vertučijev metod klasifi kacije.Centralni sekutići su imali dva kanala u 27% slučajeva, slično kao i lateralni sekutići koji su imali dva kanala u 26,5% slučajeva. Očnjaci su imali dva kanala u 7,1% slučajeva, pri čemu je bilo značajnih razlika između polova. Preovlađujući tip konfi guracije korenskog kanala svih prednjih zuba donje vilice je bio tip I. U grupi sekutića koji su imali dva kanala najčešći tip konfi guracije je bio tip III. U grupi očnjaka koji su imali dva kanala preovladavao je tip V.Većina prednjih zuba donje vilice je imala jedan korenski kanal. Dva korenska kanala su pronađena u 27% slučajeva kod sekutića. Postoji značajna razlika u morfologiji korena između polova. Za stomatologa je važno da očekuje različite morfološke varijacije tokom izvođenja endodonskih zahvata. Potrebno je sprovesti više studija za dalje defi nisanje morfoloških karakteristika korena prednjih zuba donje vilice u srpskoj populaciji.
An example of artificial neural network model for predicting air pollution has been presented. The research was conducted in Serbia, the Moravica District, on the territory of two municipalities (Lučani and Ivanjica) and the town Čačak. The level of air pollution was classified by a neural network model according to the input data: municipality, site, year, levels of soot, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter. The model was evaluated using a lift chart and a root mean square error (RMSE) has been determined, whose value was 0.0635. A multilayer perceptron has also been created and trained with a back propagation algorithm. The neural network was tested with the data mining extensions (DMX) queries. The results have been obtained for air pollution based on new input data that can be used to predict the level of pollution in future if new measurements are carried out. A web-based application was designed for displaying the results.
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