Reconstruction of jaw bone defects present a significant problem because of specific aesthetic and functional requirements. Although widely used, the transplantation of standard autograft and allograft materials is still associated with significant constraints. Composite scaffolds, combining advantages of biodegradable polymers with bioceramics, have potential to overcome limitations of standard grafts. Polyethyleneimine could be an interesting novel biocompatible polymer for scaffold construction due to its biocompatibility and chemical structure. To date, there have been no in vivo studies assessing biological properties of hydroxyapatite bioceramics scaffold modified with polyethyleneimine. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo effects of composite scaffolds of hydroxyapatite ceramics and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and novel polyethyleneimine on bone repair in swine’s mandibular defects, and to compare them to conventional bone allograft (BioOss). Scaffolds were prepared using the method of polymer foam template in three steps. Pigs, 3 months old, were used and defects were made in the canine, premolar, and molar area of their mandibles. Four months following the surgical procedure, the bone was analyzed using radiological, histological, and gene expression techniques. Hydroxyapatite ceramics/polyethyleneimine composite scaffold demonstrated improved biological behavior compared to conventional allograft in treatment of swine’s mandibular defects, in terms of bone density and bone tissue histological characteristics.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interradicular septum bone morphometric characteristics using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, as well as to establish quantitative shortcuts to allow clinicians to make a faster and more reliable plan for immediate implant placement in the maxillary molars area. This retrospective quantitative study was conducted on CBCT images obtained from 100 patients. The morphometric analysis of the maxillary molars region was based on the parameters obtained on the sagittal and axial slices. The analysis performed on sagittal slices showed that the first maxillary molars had a wider interradicular septum when compared to the second molars, but the septum height in the first molars was significantly below the height in the second maxillary molars. The axial CBCT slices analysis showed that both interradicular septum perimeter and surface area were significantly more pronounced in the first than in the second maxillary molars. The interradicular furcation angle significantly correlated with the surface area (positively) and septum height (negatively) for both molars. The results of this study may recommend CBCT image analysis as a useful tool in predefining the circumstances that can allow for substantially better planning of immediate implant placement procedures in the region of maxillary molars.

Significant reductions of PPD and CEJ were registered in the group with BCP/PLGA when compared to the beta-TCP group.

Decompression with subsequent enucleation proved to be effective treatment of large radicular cyst in maxillary sinus with low-morbidity.

Reconstruction of defects in the maxillofacial region following traumatic injuries, craniofacial deformities, defects from tumor removal, or infections in the maxillofacial area represents a major challenge for surgeons. Various materials have been studied for the reconstruction of defects in the maxillofacial area. Biodegradable metals have been widely researched due to their excellent biological properties. Magnesium (Mg) and Mg-based materials have been extensively studied for tissue regeneration procedures due to biodegradability, mechanical characteristics, osteogenic capacity, biocompatibility, and antibacterial properties. The aim of this review was to analyze and discuss the applications of Mg and Mg-based materials in reconstructive oral and maxillofacial surgery in the fields of guided bone regeneration, dental implantology, fixation of facial bone fractures and soft tissue regeneration.

Background/Aim. A lingual foramen (LF) is a small opening on the lingual surface of the mandible, which is most frequently located in the middle of the anterior part of the mandible and which shows significant variations in its location, size and number. The aim of this study was to assess the location and anatomical characteristics of LF using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. The research was designed as a retrospective study in which 99 CBCT scans were analysed. The analysis covered the number of LF, their location in relation to the teeth and the mandibular region itself, diameter, distance from the alveolar ridge crest, distance from the inferior border of the mandible, distance from the tooth apex and position in relation to the tooth apex. Results. The average frequency of LF per patient was 2.4 1.2. The largest number of LF were localised in the region of lower central incisors. Out of the total number of LF, 82.5% of LF belonged to median lingual foramen (MLF), while 17.5% belonged to lateral lingual foramen (LLF). In 63.2% cases, LF had a diameter of ?1mm, whereas in 98.3% cases it was localised below the tooth apex. There is a statistically significant difference in the distance of LF from the alveolar ridge crest and the LF diameter in relation to gender (p = 0.019; p = 0.008). Conclusion. LF can be reliably localised and visualised by means of CBCT. It is recommended that CBCT scanning of the mandible should be used while planning an oral surgical procedure and implant placement in order to prevent injuries of the neurovascular bundle which passes through LF.

Introduction. A dentigerous cyst is a pathological lesion associated with the crown of the unerupted or impacted tooth. Decompression is proposed as the initial treatment for large cysts, especially in younger patients. The aim of this article was to present clinical, radiological, histopathological, and therapeutical aspects of the large dentigerous cyst in the maxilla. Case report. A 12-year-old boy with a large dentigerous cyst in the maxilla was referred to our clinic. A dentigerous cyst was associated with the crown of the unerupted maxillary left canine. Management of the cyst included initial decompression with biopsy, followed by secondary enucleation after 9 months and orthodontic treatment. Histopathological examination confirmed the definitive diagnosis of the dentigerous cyst. Conclusion. Initial decompression with a subsequent enucleation proved to be an effective treatment choice for the large dentigerous cyst.

Background and Objectives: Oral disorders, frequently observed in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome, can profoundly affect patients’ daily lives and well-being, as oral health represents a fundamental part of general health. Saliva plays an essential part in maintaining and protecting oral health, so the decrease in its quantity and quality leads to chronic oral discomfort alongside a broad spectrum of problems. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the oral health of patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome and establish its effect on the different domains of their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and Methods: The research was designed as an observational case–control study with prospective data collection. Eighty patients, divided into two groups based on their oral status, participated in the study. All subjects underwent a complete oral examination. The OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Results: The most prevalent oral manifestation was exfoliative cheilitis, while 30% of subjects complained of chewing and swallowing difficulties. The OHIP-14 summary score was significantly higher in the patients with oral lesions (26.0 (5.0) vs. 17.0 (4.0), respectively; p < 0.001). Oral manifestations, systemic involvement, medication, and periodontal indexes were significantly associated with OHIP-14 scores. Conclusions: Patients with oral alterations had a substantially decreased OHRQoL. These findings emphasize the importance of oral diseases for patients’ well-being. Therefore, it is essential for dentists to be included in the multidisciplinary teams managing primary Sjögren’s syndrome, as improving patients’ oral status would lead to better oral health and enhanced OHRQoL.