EURADOS (European Radiation Dosimetry Group) Working Group 12 (WG12) SG1 activities are aimed at occupational radiation protection and individual monitoring in X-ray and nuclear medicine practices. In recent years, many studies have been carried out in these fields, especially for interventional radiology and cardiology workplaces (IC/IR). The complexity of the exposure conditions of the medical staff during interventional practices makes the radiation protection and monitoring of the exposed workers a challenging task. The scope of the present work is to review some of the main results obtained within WG12 activities about scattered field characterization and personal dosimetry that could be very useful in increasing the quality of radiation protection of the personnel, safety, and awareness of radiation risk. Two papers on Monte Carlo modelling of interventional theater and three papers on active personal dosimeters (APDs) for personnel monitoring were considered in the review. More specifically, Monte Carlo simulation was used as the main tool to characterize the levels of exposure of the medical staff, allowing to determine how beam energy and direction can have an impact on the doses received by the operators. Indeed, the simulations provided information about the exposure of the operator’s head, and the study concluded with the determination of an eye-lens protection factor when protection goggles and a ceiling shielding are used. Moreover, the review included the results of studies on active personal dosimeters, their use in IC/IR workplaces, and how they respond to calibration fields, with X-ray standard and pulsed beams. It was shown that APDs are insensitive to backscatter radiation, but some of them could not respond correctly to the very intense pulsed fields (as those next to the patient in interventional practices). The measurements during interventional procedures showed the potential capability of the employment of APDs in hospitals.

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Cisplatin is currently used in the treatment of numerous types of tumors, such as head and neck, esophagus, bladder, testicle. However, the cisplatin use is limited due to its cytotoxic effects. Thus, considering its side effects, lines of research are looking for new technologies to reduce the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent needed to control the disease, which may reduce these side effects. The objective of this work was to perform the internal dosimetry of 191Pt radioisotope derived from the activation of natural cisplatin, thus contributing to the evaluation of the feasibility of a new radiopharmaceutical of natural cisplatin activated by neutrons for application in humans. The dosimetry was obtained with Monte Carlo simulations using two stylized phantoms developed by authors Dragana Krstic and Dragoslav Nikezic and the ICRP adult reference voxelized phantoms. As results, differences were observed between absorbed doses estimated using the two types of phantoms (analytical and voxelized). The highest doses noted in the analytical phantom were in the kidneys (1.58 mGy/MBq), liver (1.32 mGy/MBq), spleen (1.23 mGy/MBq), bladder wall (0.74 mGy/MBq), gallbladder wall (0.56 mGy/MBq), pancreas (0.41 mGy/MBq), and adrenals (0.39 mGy/MBq). For the voxelized phantoms, the highest doses obtained were: kidneys (1.46 mGy/MBq), spleen (1.13 mGy/MBq), liver (1.11 mGy/MBq), gallbladder wall (0.47 mGy/MBq), adrenals (0.41 mGy/MBq), bladder wall (0.36 mGy/MBq), and pancreas (0.29 mGy/MBq). The effective dose was 0.22 mSv/MBq for the analytical phantom, a value similar to that obtained with voxelized phantoms (0.20 mSv/MBq).