Higher education is the key to the overall development of a country like Nepal, whose population is ephemeral through a demographic transition. Currently, 11 universities, four health academies and 1432 higher education institutions associated (constituent and affiliated) are providing mainstream higher education in Nepal. However, providing access to higher education to the increased number of the eligible population still remains a challenge, while on the other hand, the quality of higher education and its significance to local and national primacy has been a concern. In the meantime, planners, policymakers and researchers need timely and relevant data in order to meet the challenge faced in their relevant sectors. Despite having challenges in higher education in Nepal, Tribhuvan University, the oldest and leading university, is producing more Masters, MPhil, and PhD graduates for the nation’s overall development.
This paper provides an overview of the emergent practices of arts-based science teaching and learning in public schools in Nepal. It also shares why arts-based science learning has emerged as a shift in teaching and learning from a dogmatic approach to arts-based learning as well as the opportunities and challenges amid COVID 19 pandemic. QUAN qual research method → was applied in this research. The questionnaire survey was used to collect the quantitative data whereas an in-depth interview was taken to collect the qualitative information in this study. 300 students have been selected randomly out of 1300 study population by using the Raosoft sample size calculator with a 95% level of confidence and with a 5% margin error. It is found that the use of figures, posters, soil and sand art, songs and drama promote the understanding of students’ science learning and their achievement score. The findings from this study are expected to encourage the Nepal government, local governments, and public schools to bring local practices into central level policies to transform the dogmatic approach to arts-based teaching and learning.
The study reconnoitres arts-based learning by the use of sketches and photos of basic level students and science teachers. It was accompanied in the basic level public schools of Kirtipur municipality of Kathmandu district. The study explores how the use of sketches and photos promotes students science learning and also designs an appropriate strategy for engaged learning. A qualitative research design was used based on the interpretive paradigm in which data are collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The data were analysed through verbatim and thematic approaches. The study found the use of arts-based learning like sketches and photos helps to learn science that develops creativity and communication. It was also found that science teachers used sketches and photos linked to the prescribed curriculum while teaching and learning science. It is recommended that the application of sketches and photos would be beneficial for science learning. For this, science curricula and textbooks have to incorporate the techniques of arts-based concept learning in the public schools in Nepal.
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