Pesticide’s manufacture, use, storage and disposal should be strictly regulated to reduce its negative effects on environment and public health. The reports show that the pesticide use increasing every year globally and currently its national use in average is 0.39 kg a. i/ha. It has been found that the quantity of consumption of pesticide in Nepal in agricultural field is very low in comparison to the other countries of the globe but due to its haphazard use in some commodity and ignorance of waiting period after its application has increased the risk of the exposure of farm families to pesticides and intake of pesticides by consumers, which are becoming major health threat.Journal of Health Promotion Vol.6 2008, p.28-36
The corona virus disease predicament is facing by the senior citizens in Nepal with a number of disconcerting challenges. One of these, which are so far still receiving too little attention and support by Nepal government, is the risk that many senior citizens are affected in Nepal. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unprecedented threat to the public and physical and psychosocial health. The most vulnerable population is the senior citizens, are at disproportionate risks both to the psychosomatic and somatic effects of the outbreak. Reduced healthcare access, limited health facilities and resources as well as fear of the infection act as major problems to care during such a pandemic. Besides, there are the additional burden of stigma, abuse, ageism and financial impoverishment. Loneliness and lack of stimulation can potentially accelerate the cognitive decline and worsen the behavioral and psychological problems of senior citizens.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to find the prevalence of mental health on adolescent girl students and the effect of sexual harassment on their mental health: depression, anxiety, and stress. A concurrent mixed method was used and the study was conducted at both community and institutional schools of Lalitpur and Rupendehi districts. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for quantitative data collection along with depression, anxiety and stress score test (DASS -42 points) to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. Focus group discussion (FGD), in-depth interviews (IDI), and key informant information (KII) were used for qualitative data collection. Poor and ill mental health were found among the respondents and the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress were45%, 52%, and 35% respectively among the sexually harassed girls. As sexual harassment was found as one of the major factors that is responsible for the poor mental health status of girl students, it is necessary for every school to adopt antisexualharassmentpoliciesandtotakeactionagainstittocreateahealthylearningenvironment.
The main aim of this study was to find out the vulnerable places of sexual harassment to the girl students and the persons involved in such unwanted behaviors. It was a mixed-methods study. Altogether 773 girl respondents were selected for obtaining quantitative data from Lalitpur and Rupendehi districts in Nepal. Similarly, 10 focus group discussions, 14 Key informant interviews, and eight In-depth interviews were conducted for collecting qualitative data. The result showed that male peers/ friends, teachers, neighbors/ relatives, and strangers were involved in sexual harassment. Frequency of verbal/gestural type of sexual harassment is higher from male peers and touching/pinching and sexual abuse/assault types of sexual harassment are more common from teachers and relatives. Sexual harassment frequently happens in public transport. In society, teachers deserve great respect and trust from parents and students. They have close access to girl students. However, such trust and closeness transformed into sexual harassment whereby accelerating sexual harassment. The higher incidence of sexual harassment at public transports might be due to the proximity and anonymity, which, in turn, results in high levels of sexual harassment and abuse with very little risk of social or legal consequences. The awareness program against sexual harassment and strong laws and order are essential and the judiciary process should be simple and victim-friendly that can reduce sexual harassment to girl students by various perpetrators at different domains in society.
Higher education is the key to the overall development of a country like Nepal, whose population is ephemeral through a demographic transition. Currently, 11 universities, four health academies and 1432 higher education institutions associated (constituent and affiliated) are providing mainstream higher education in Nepal. However, providing access to higher education to the increased number of the eligible population still remains a challenge, while on the other hand, the quality of higher education and its significance to local and national primacy has been a concern. In the meantime, planners, policymakers and researchers need timely and relevant data in order to meet the challenge faced in their relevant sectors. Despite having challenges in higher education in Nepal, Tribhuvan University, the oldest and leading university, is producing more Masters, MPhil, and PhD graduates for the nation’s overall development.
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